APES Spring final C

1. Bald eagles were almost brought to extinction because levels of DDT were found to cause their eggs to be weak and easily broken. How did DDT reach these levels?

• Chemicals used in one location permeated throughout the biosphere, causing damage far away from the initial application.

• DDT was applied extensively to help control the bald eagle population.

• DDT evaporates and later condenses near bald eagle habitats.

• DDT used to control insect populations spread up the food chain through the process of bioaccumulation.

• Bald eagles outcompeted other predators and depleted their natural source of food.

LD50 is best defined as

• the amount of pesticide necessary to displace 50 liters if denatured alcohol.

• the amount of pesticide in a 50-molar solution of sulfuric acid.

• the amount necessary to kill 50% of an animal test group.

• the number of years necessary for a pesticide to break down into nonlethal components.

• the London-Dubai agreement to ban pesticide use by 2050

The factor which is probably least responsible for the rise in the incidence of bacterial diseases once controlled by antibiotics is

• The genetic adaptability of bacteria

• The spread of bacteria around the globe

• The use of antibiotics in the dairy industry

• The increased amount of ultraviolet light because of the thinning ozone

• The overuse of antibiotics by doctors

BPA is believed to pose a risk to human health because the Food and Drug administration believes it:

• May impair brain function in the elderly

• May affect the ability of mothers to have children

• May alter the brain and behavior in young children

• May delay the development of puberty in teenagers

Most hazardous substances exhibit a "dose-response relationship." What does this mean?

• The harm caused by the hazard increases as the amount of hazard entering the body (dose) increases.

• It does not matter how big a dose you receive; you will always have same amount of harm/sickness.

• Exposure to the hazard always results in harm.

• Fifty percent of the people will die when exposed to 0.1 mg/kg.

Endocrine disrupters:

• do not include DDT

• only affect the reproductive capability of females

• affect the reproduction of fishes, birds, reptiles and mammals

• only affect the reproduction of humans

• are still often used in the US

What is the purpose of adding chlorine to water during the water treatment process?

• to filter and remove large debris

• to form flocs that bacteria and other impurities will cling to

• to kill bacteria that have accumulated, as well as prevent future bacterial growth

• to remove unwanted gases

The acidity of a lake would most likely increase because of

• Increased power generation at a local wind farm

• The construction of a hydroelectric dam in the region

• Overfishing by commercial fisherman

• The installation of solar power panels in town

• The burning of coal by nearby factories

All renewable resource power plants use heat to

• Make hot air that generates power

• Create powerful magnetic fields that make electricity

• Produce steam to turn electric generators

• Split water into hydrogen and oxygen that is them burned to make electricity

• Create powerful water jets that spin turbines

Is primarily responsible for acid rain in the northeast United States

• Uranium-238

• Coal

• Natural gas

• Oil

• Solar