Molecular Biology EOC Review

Cellular respiration is carried out by which of the following?

• all living organisms all of the time

• animals but not plants

• animals all of the time but plants only at night

• heterotrophs but not autotrophs

Which of the following processes release the most ATP per molecule of glucose for immediate cell use?

• aerobic respiration

• anaerobic respiration

• fermentation

• photosynthesis

Which of the following organic molecules is correctly matched with its functions?

• Nucleic acids provide structure for cell organelles.

• Lipids are a primary component of cell membranes.

• Proteins are the primary energy source during metabolism.

• Carbohydrates help store and transmit genetic information.

Carbohydrates are broken down into smaller molecules for what purpose?

• to form cell membranes
• to form muscle
• to transmit genetic information
• to provide energy

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Enzymes are classified as which of the following biological organic compounds?

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• proteins

• nucleic acids

Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for many cellular reactions?

• Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions

• Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquids during the reactions.

• The reactions take up too much space in the cell if the enzymes are missing.

• The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing.

Given the graph below, which statement best describes the role of enzymes?

• More energy is released without the presence of enzymes
• Less energy is needed to start a reaction when enzymes are present.
• A reaction is catalyzed by the lack of enzymes
• The presence of enzymes causes reactions to occur at a slower rate.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

In the making of a protein, the amino acid order is determined by which of the following?

• the amount of glucose present in the cell

• the order of genes expressed in the chromosomes

• the order of nitrogenous bases in DNA

• the random addition of amino acids from the tRNA

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Which of the following is the monomer for the molecule above?

• amino acids

• monosaccharides

• nucleotides

• fatty acids

Which statement best distinguishes aerobic from anaerobic respiration?

• Only aerobic respiration requires oxygen.

• Only anaerobic respiration occurs in the mitochondria.

• Only aerobic respiration involves fermentation.

• Only anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide.