Ch 39 Immunology

A white blood cell that makes antibodies

• T cell
• bacteria
• B cell
• mast cell

  A substance or part of a substance (living or nonliving) that the immune system recognizes as foreign and activates the immune system and reacts with immune cells or their products, such as antibodies.

• pathogen 
• allergen 
• antigen 
• antibody

Proteins produced by B cells and designed to mark antigens to be destroyed, specific to the antigen.

• Antigens
• Active Immunity
• Antibodies
• Antibiotics

The skin, mucous membranes, natural secretions, and natural flora are all part of the

• First line of defense

• Second line of defense

• Third line of defense

What attacks microbes indiscriminately?

• The adaptive immune system

• The innate immune system

• The lymphatic system

• The nervous system

The body’s nonspecific defenses against invading pathogens include

• antibiotics.
• mucus, sweat and tears.
• antibodies.
• Killer T cells.

If our body encountered an antigen for the first time, what would occur?

• B cells would be unable to make antibodies until antigens are presented through macrophage MHCs

• Antibodies would not exist until dendritic cells brought pathogens to the lymph nodes

• Immunity would be at its highest because antibodies for this specific antigen have not yet been depleted

• In order to make up for the deficit in B cell antibody production, helper and cytotoxic T cell production would increase

A secondary immune response will be faster when...

• The individual has encountered the pathogen already

• The individual's macrophages are on high alert

• The individual has encountered the pathogen and has memory B cells circulating

• Antibodies are produced by T cells

How do T cells differ from B cells?

• T cells fight pathogens by killing pathogens directly, while B cells fight pathogens by making antibodies.

• T cells only make memory cells, and B cells only make antigens

• T cells fight pathogens by making antibodies, while B cells fight pathogens by killing pathogens directly.

• T cells can only fight off pathogens the body has encountered once, and B cells can fight off any pathogen the body comes across.

White blood cells are an important part of the human immune response. Two types of white blood cells, neutrophils and macrophages, act as phagocytes. Phagocytes perform which of the following functions in the human body? 

• They produce antibodies.
• They bind to antigens and develop into plasma cells.
• They form a barrier against pathogens.
• They engulf and destroy bacteria.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3