Chapter 2: Lesson 4 Culture and the Church

Universities in Europe began as

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• places to educate men away from the control of the Church.

• centers for artistic learning in the Gothic and Romanesque styles.

• groups of students and teachers who gathered to educate scholars.

• small one-room schoolhouses led by local women.

Scholasticism was characterized by a

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• focus on returning to the Bible as the true source of useful knowledge .

• rejection of reason as a means of achieving useful knowledge.

• growing skepticism that we can know anything about the material world.

• commitment to find knowledge by combining faith and reason.

The view of the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle upset some Christian thinkers because he

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• focused on the way we describe things rather than on the reality of things.

• believed that nothing could truly be known about the nature of God.

• was a committed atheist who scorned any kind of religious beliefs.

• reached his conclusions through reason, not religious faith

Which monk turned from teaching theology to studying the natural world and helped develop the modern scientific method?

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• Thomas Becket

• Francis of Assisi

• Peter Abelard

• Roger Bacon

The theologian who wrote a book to show that basic religious truths could be proved by logical argument was

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• Hugh Capet.

• Thomas Aquinas.

• Thomas Becket.

• Roger Bacon.

Vernacular language can best be described as ________ language.

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• formal

• everyday

• scholarly

• Church

One popular type of vernacular literature was troubadour poetry, which often focused on

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• simple explanations of religious concepts.

• the love of a knight for a lady.

• the typical lives of peasants and merchants.

• knights fighting in the service of their lord.

Bernard of Clarvaux was a famous Cistercian monk who

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• sought to restore power to feudal nobles.

• argued that faith and reason were incompatible.

• strongly opposed the continuation of the crusades.

• took the side of the poor against the rich.

Franciscans were

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• known for their cheerfulness and deep love of nature.

• known as strong defenders of church teachings.

Dominicans were

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• known for their cheerfulness and deep love of nature.

• known for defending the teachings of the church.