Quiz about Aquatic Ecosystems + Water Pollution QUIZ REVIEW

Question 1

Saltwater biomes have around _____% salinity, while freshwater biomes have around .1%.

Accepted Answer

3.0

Answer

0.5

Answer

5.0

Answer

1.2

Question 2

An area of land that channels water to a particular location is called a:

Accepted Answer

watershed

Answer

estuary

Answer

flood plain

Answer

ecosystem

Question 3

Choose two sources of nitrogen runoff.

Accepted Answer

fertilizers

Accepted Answer

burning fossil fuels

Answer

plastic waste

Answer

acid rain

Answer

sewage

Question 4

Eutrophication is...

Accepted Answer

nutrient pollution

Answer

blocking of sunlight caused by algal blooms

Answer

nutrient runoff

Answer

excessive growth of algae

Question 5

The following are steps to illustrate the sequence of events that leads to the eutrophication of a waterway. Select the best option for the FIRST step.

Accepted Answer

Massive algal blooms occur

Answer

Algae decays and bacteria uses up available oxygen

Answer

Dead zones occur due to lack of oxygen

Answer

Sunlight is blocked then algae die off

Answer

Surface water runoff carries excess nutrients

Question 6

The following are steps to illustrate the sequence of events that leads to the eutrophication of a waterway. Select the best option for the LAST step.

Accepted Answer

Dead zones occur due to lack of oxygen

Answer

Surface water runoff carries excess nutrients

Answer

Massive algal blooms occur

Answer

Sunlight is blocked then algae die off

Answer

Algae decays and bacteria uses up available oxygen

Question 7

What are the 2 main contributors to excessive nutrients? (choose 2 answers)

Accepted Answer

Nitrogen

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Answer

Algae Blooms

Answer

Oxygen

Answer

Carbon

Question 8

Swamps, marshes, and bogs are included in which freshwater biome?

Accepted Answer

Wetlands

Answer

Lakes/Ponds

Answer

Rivers/Streams

Question 9

A thin layer in water where the temperature changes quickly.

Accepted Answer

Thermocline

Answer

Transition Layer

Answer

Thermal Layer

Answer

Upwelling

Question 10

What is the defining difference between the marine, freshwater, and estuary biomes?

Accepted Answer

Salinity (dissolved salt)

Answer

Amount of Water

Answer

Sunlight

Answer

Oxygen

Question 11

__________productivity = the organic materials that remain after photosynthetic organisms in the ecosystem have used some of these compounds for their cellular energy needs (cellular respiration).

Accepted Answer

Net

Answer

Primary

Answer

Gross

Answer

Secondary

Question 12

Nutrients are brought to the surface for phytoplankton to use by_______

Accepted Answer

upwellings

Answer

the equator

Answer

gyres

Answer

eddies

Question 13

The majority of the photosynthesis in the ocean takes place in the ______ zone.

Accepted Answer

euphotic

Answer

prophotic

Answer

aphotic

Answer

disphotic

Question 14

Which of the following organisms is NOT an example of phytoplankton.

Accepted Answer

fish

Answer

algae

Answer

plants

Answer

bacteria

Question 15

High productivity in the ocean is associated with

Accepted Answer

no thermoclines to restrict nutrients

Answer

lack of sunlight

Answer

thermoclines that restrict nutrients

Answer

clear water

Question 16

Increasing ocean temperatures are causing greater ________ and reducing the amount of ________ in the ocean.

Accepted Answer

upwelling; nutrients

Answer

upwelling; thermoclines

Answer

wind action; nutrients

Answer

thermoclines; upwelling

Question 17

Dirt, sand, and silt are classified as what type of pollution?

Accepted Answer

sediment

Answer

nutrient

Answer

bacterial

Answer

toxins

Question 18

How can groundwater become polluted?

Accepted Answer

Pollutants on the ground seeping through the soil.

Answer

Atmospheric deposition.

Answer

People throwing trash on the ground.

Answer

Oil spills in the ocean.

Question 19

Oil tanker hits a reef and causes an oil spill.

Accepted Answer

Point Source

Answer

NonPoint Source

Question 20

Your dad sprayed pesticides on your flower garden.

Accepted Answer

Point Source

Answer

NonPoint Source

Question 21

A factory is dumping great volumes of heated water into the stream.

Accepted Answer

Point Source

Answer

NonPoint Source

Question 22

Excess nutrients in the water can be harmful, because they lead to -

Accepted Answer

Overgrowth of algae and low oxygen levels in the water

Answer

High levels of sediment in the water

Answer

Harmful mutations in fish and frogs

Answer

Pathogenic (disease causing) bacteria in the water

Question 23

Which statement is TRUE about sediment pollution?

Accepted Answer

reduces light penetration and disrupts the bottom habitat

Answer

causes an overgrowth of algae and low DO

Answer

seeps into groundwater and does not breakdown over time

Answer

increases water temperature and stresses aquatic species

Question 24

Which statement is TRUE about thermal pollution?

Accepted Answer

increases water temperature and stresses aquatic species

Answer

reduces light penetration and disrupts the bottom habitat

Answer

causes an overgrowth of algae and low DO

Answer

seeps into groundwater and does not breakdown over time

Question 25

Which statement is TRUE about chemical pollution?

Accepted Answer

seeps into groundwater and does not breakdown over time

Answer

increases water temperature and stresses aquatic species

Answer

causes an overgrowth of algae and low DO

Answer

reduces light penetration and disrupts the bottom habitat

Question 26

Which statement is TRUE about nutrient pollution?

Accepted Answer

causes an overgrowth of algae and low DO

Answer

seeps into groundwater and does not breakdown over time

Answer

increases water temperature and stresses aquatic species

Answer

reduces light penetration and disrupts the bottom habitat

Question 27

Which organism in the food web would contain the lowest concentration of chemical pollutants?

Accepted Answer

producers

Answer

secondary consumers

Answer

primary consumers

Answer

tertiary consumers

Question 28

Through the food web, chemical pollution like POPs are concentrated in the higher trophic levels. This is called

Accepted Answer

biomagnification

Answer

ecological succession

Answer

bioaccumulation

Answer

eutrophication

Question 29

Which of the following are indicators of healthy water systems?

Accepted Answer

low temperatures, high dissolved oxygen, and neutral pH

Answer

high nitrates, high pH, and low temperatures

Question 30

What is the main effect of plastic pollution in the ocean?

Accepted Answer

Harm to marine life and disruption of ecosystems

Answer

Increased levels of dissolved oxygen

Answer

Improved water clarity

Answer

Decreased levels of carbon dioxide

Question 31

A pipe sending water from the parking lot at the pier to the bay would be categorized as _________ pollution because it picks up pollutants from the streets, parking lots, and buildings around the pier.

Accepted Answer

urban runoff

Answer

land development

Answer

marine transport

Answer

thermal pollution

Question 32

When pollution can be traced back to a specific source, it is called _______.

Accepted Answer

point source pollution

Answer

atmospheric contamination

Answer

industrial waste

Answer

non-point source pollution

Question 33

Nutrient pollution in waterways leads to a decrease in _________ and _________.

Accepted Answer

dissolved oxygen // biodiversity

Answer

water temperature // pH balance

Answer

fish population // sediment levels

Answer

algal blooms // nutrient cycling

Question 34

How is sediment pollution harmful to aquatic ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Added sediment reduces light penetration and disrupts benthic habitats as it settles.

Answer

Sediment pollution increases water temperature, benefiting aquatic life.

Answer

Sediment pollution enhances nutrient levels, promoting plant growth.

Answer

Sediment pollution has no effect on aquatic ecosystems.

Question 35

What is a large contributor to thermal water pollution?

Accepted Answer

Discharge of heated water from power plants.

Answer

Excessive rainfall causing flooding.

Answer

Natural geothermal springs releasing cold water.

Answer

Increased use of biodegradable detergents.

Question 36

What is an example of biological pollution?

Accepted Answer

Invasive species, such as the zebra mussel in North America or animal waste.

Answer

Pollution from plastic waste in oceans.

Answer

Chemical runoff from agricultural fields.

Answer

Oil spills in marine environments.

Question 37

What ways are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) harming the environment? (select 2)

Accepted Answer

Accumulating in the food chain bc they do not easily breakdown in the environment

Accepted Answer

Contaminating soil and groundwater

Answer

Promoting biodiversity

Answer

Improving air quality

Question 38

Due to biomagnification of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) which organism would have the highest levels of contamination in its body?

Accepted Answer

Apex predator (e.g., large fish or bird of prey)

Answer

Secondary consumer (e.g., small bird)

Answer

Herbivore (e.g., small fish)

Answer

Primary producer (e.g., phytoplankton)

Question 39

What is the first step in the process of eutrophication?

Accepted Answer

Overuse of fertilizer or nutrients on crops.

Answer

Decreased sunlight penetration in the water.

Answer

Increase in water temperature.

Answer

Removal of pollutants from the water body.

Question 40

Logging operations used to use a technique called clear-cutting, in which all of the trees in an area are cut down. What type of water pollution will this most likely lead to?

Accepted Answer

Sediment pollution

Answer

Chemical runoff

Answer

Nutrient pollution

Answer

Thermal pollution

Question 41

When care age or are poorly maintained, they tend to leak oil onto roadways and parking lots. This oil is washed into the nearest waterway with the next rainfall. What type of water pollution does this cause?

Accepted Answer

Toxic pollution

Answer

Chemical pollution

Answer

Plastic pollution

Answer

Nutrient pollution

Question 42

Which pollution is by sand, soil, and other minerals that are washed into streams and rivers after rainfall?

Accepted Answer

Sediment pollution

Answer

Noise pollution

Answer

Chemical pollution

Answer

Thermal pollution

Question 43

A farmer applies excess fertilizer to one of her fields just before a rainstorm. What kind of pollution is this most likely to lead to?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient pollution (eutrophication)

Answer

Soil erosion

Answer

Water scarcity

Answer

Air pollution

Question 44

Which type of lake would have greater productivity therefore be able to support more consumers?

Accepted Answer

Eutrophic lakes

Answer

Artificial lakes

Answer

Mesotrophic lakes

Answer

Oligotrophic lakes

Question 45

Select the answer choice that list the three types of wetlands.

Accepted Answer

marshes, swamps, bogs

Answer

lakes, rivers, ponds

Answer

deserts, grasslands, forests

Answer

oceans, seas, bays

Question 46

What is net primary productivity?

Net primary productivity = ______ - ______

Accepted Answer

Net primary productivity = gross primary productivity - cellular respiration

Answer

Net primary productivity = respiration - gross primary productivity

Answer

Net primary productivity = gross primary productivity - photosynthesis

Answer

Net primary productivity = gross primary productivity + cellular respiration

Question 47

In the euphotic zone, phytoplankton have plenty of light but the lack of _______ is a limiting factor for productivity.

Accepted Answer

nutrients

Answer

carbon dioxide

Answer

oxygen

Answer

water

Question 48

What is the process called that mixes colder, denser nutrient rich water with warmer surface water?

Accepted Answer

Upwelling

Answer

Downwelling

Answer

Thermal stratification

Answer

Nutrient depletion

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT an organisms living in intertidal zones?

Accepted Answer

Jellyfish

Answer

Anemone

Answer

Sea urchin

Answer

Sea star

Aquatic Ecosystems + Water Pollution QUIZ REVIEW

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