Chapter 1 Review

Which of the following best describes the sample sizes of a well designed medical study?

• a large control group and a large experimental group

• a large control group and a small experimental group

• a small control group and a large experimental group

• a small control group and a small experimental group

All of the following is used to describe Science EXCEPT:

• Science is a way of knowing.

• Science is a process.

• Science includes the study of supernatural events.

• Science refers to the body of knowledge that scientists have gathered over the years.

In terms of scientific methodology, the purpose of an experiment is to:

• form a hypothesis

• prove a theory

• form a conclusion

• test a hypothesis

Scientific investigations typically begin with:

• testing a hypothesis

• forming a hypothesis

• making observations

• analyzing data

An example of qualitative data is:

• the number of students with red hair in your school

• people's descriptions of the fair's fireworks

• the amount of mold on an old slice of bread

• how much lake water has lowered over the summer

Which of the following statements about a controlled experiment is true?

• All the variables must be kept the same

• Only one variable is tested at a time

• All hypothesis can be tested by setting up a controlled experiment

• Controlled experiments cannot be be performed on living things

To be useful in science, a hypothesis must be

• measurable

• observable

• testable

• correct

The purpose of peer review in science is to ensure that

• all scientific research is funded

• the results of the experiment are correct

• all scientist results are published

• published results meet standards set by the scientific community

A scientific theory is

• the same as a hypothesis

• a well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of observations

• the same as the conclusion of an experiment

• the first step in a controlled experiment

To ensure that a scientific work is free from bias and meets standards set by the scientific community, a research group's work is peer reviewed by

• other scientists

• the general public

• the researchers' friends

• lawmakers