EMT: Airway and Ventilation Review I

What percentage of the air we breathe is made up of oxygen?

• 78%

• 12%

• 16%

• 21%

What concentration of inspired oxygen is provided by a nasal cannula when the flowermeter is set at 1to 6 L/min?

• 10% to 18%

• 24% to 44%

• 52% to 84%

• 89% to 98%

Which statement regarding respiratory rate is true?

• the respiratory rate is about equal to the person's heart rate

• the normal rate is 12 to 20 breaths/min

• the rate is faster when the person is sleeping

• the rate is the same as in infants and children

This is a sign of inadequate breathing in an adult?

• respiratory rate of 18 breaths/min

• diminished breath sounds

• equal chest expansion

• warm, pink skin

The brain stem normally triggers breathing by increasing respirations when:

• carbon dioxide levels increase

• oxygen levels increase

• carbon dioxide levels decrease

• nitrogen levels decrease

This is a contraindication for placement of an oropharyngeal airway?

• intact gag reflex

• severe head injury

• unconsciousness

• fractured nasal bone

When ventilating a patient with a bag-valve mask, you should:

• look for inflation of the cheeks

• squeeze the bag hard and fast

• look for rise and fall of the chest

• only perform this with an advanced airway

The proper technique for sizing an oropharyngeal airway is to measure the device from:

• the tip of the nose to the earlobe

• the bridge of the nose to the tip of the chin

• the corner of the mouth to the earlobe

• the center of the jaw to the earlobe

The most common method of assisting ventilations in the field?

• mouth-to-mouth with one way valve

• continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)

• flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device

• bag-valve mask with oxygen reservoir and supplemental oxygen

A common problem when a signal EMT uses a bag-valve mask?

• over-inflation of the lungs

• delivering an inappropriate rate of ventilations

• environmental conditions

• maintaining an airtight mask seal