AP Enzymes

What type of macromolecule are enzymes?

• Protein
• Carbohydrate
• Lipid
• Nucleic Acid

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Which of the following correctly describes how enzymes work?  

• they lower the energy of the reactants to increase the rxn rate
• they supply energy to the reaction to increase the rxn rate
• they lower the energy of the products to increase the rxn rate
• they lower the activation energy of the reaction to increase the rxn rate

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which explanation best fits the graph for pH's effect on an enzyme?

• As the pH gets closer to neutral more H-Bonds are broken
• Larger numbers of H+ & OH- ions distort the active site
• There are more collisions between substrates and active sites near the optimal pH
• Low pHs cause more H-Bonds to happen near the active site

What happens when enzymes are heated to a high temperature?

• The enzymes die.
• The shapes of the enzyme are altered or denatured
• The enzymes' amino acid sequence changes.
• The enzymes remain the same

Fireflies emit light. The production of light by an organism is called bioluminescence. To generate visible light, cells in a firefly’s tail produce thousands of luciferase enzymes. Luciferase binds to a chemical called luciferin. Once bound, the luciferase enzyme speeds up a chemical reaction that combines an oxygen molecule and luciferin to produce oxyluciferin. This reaction requires energy and releases light. Which of the following best describes how the luciferase enzyme speeds up the chemical reaction?

• Luciferase increases the amount of time the light is visible.

• Luciferase decreases the amount of energy required for the reaction to start.

• Luciferase increases the number of sites on luciferin that must bind to oxygen.

• Luciferase decreases the temperature of the environment inside the body of the firefly.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

The graphs show the reaction rate for an enzyme across a range of temperatures and pH.

Based on these data, this enzyme functions best as what temperature and pH?

• Temperature of 27oC and a pH of 4

• Temperature of 37oC and a pH of 6

• Temperature of 40oC and a pH of 8

• Temperature of 50oC and a pH of 10

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

The diagram represents one way an enzyme can be inhibited.

Which statement explains the effect of an inhibitor on an enzyme?

• A substrate will be able to bond with the enzyme.

• The enzyme will likely be attacked by immune cells.

• The enzyme will be unable to produce more enzymes.

• A substrate will be unable to attach to the enzyme.

If nerve gasses are inhaled, they will temporarily bind to an area on many enzymes that will change the shape of the enzyme. This prevents the enzymes from interacting with other substances and interferes in proper nervous system functioning resulting in death. The nerve gas is an example of a(n):

• Substrate

• Activation Inhibitor

• Production Inhibitor

• Competitive Inhibitor

• Non-competitive Inhibitor

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

Which line represents an enzyme-catalyzed reaction? 

• Line 1
• Line 2

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-4

The diagram shows the series of a reactions that convert lactose into a usable form .
If enzyme 4 is denatured (stops working), the levels of which substance will increase?

• Lactose
• Galactose
• Glucose-1-Phosphate