AP Bio: Organelles

Vacuole:

• A gel-like material that streams through the cell holding all the other organelles / Also stores chemicals needed for cell processes.
  
• The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
  
• A small sack that stores water and food until the cell needs it /  Stores waste temporarily until the cell  gets rid of it.
  
• Stacks of pancake-like membranes that package materials to ship out of the cell.
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Nucleus:

• Stores information on DNA molecules / Directs and controls the activities of the cell.
  
•  A folded membrane that moves materials around inside cells / Also acts as the site of manufacturing materials needed by the cell.
• The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
  
• A small sack that stores water and food until the cell needs it /  Stores waste temporarily until the cell  gets rid of it.
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Mitochondrion

• Stacks of pancake-like membranes that package materials to ship out of the cell.
  
• Small sacks with pores / Contains digestive enzymes that get rid of waste, worn-out cell parts, and captured invaders.
  
• (plural is Mitochondria): Bean-shaped organelle filled with folded membranes / Breaks down glucose to release energy for cell functions
  
• The protective outer layer that controls what enters and leaves the cell.
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Lysosome:

• The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
  
• Small sacks with pores / Contains digestive enzymes that get rid of waste, worn-out cell parts, and captured invaders.
  
• Bean-shaped organelle filled with folded membranes / Breaks down glucose to release energy for cell functions
  
• Stacks of pancake-like membranes that package materials to ship out of the cell.
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Ribosomes

• a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
• non membrane bounded organelles responsible for protein synthesis;found in eukaryotes and porkaryotes
• System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
• An endomembrane system where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS3-1

Prokaryotic cell

• a cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; includes achaea and bacteria
• a cell containing a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
• the idea that the mitochonria and chloroplasts were once free living and were engulfed by other prokaryotic cells.
•  part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-1

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Eukaryotic Cell

• a cell containing a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
• a cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; includes achaea and bacteria
• the idea that the mitochonria and chloroplasts were once free living and were engulfed by other prokaryotic cells.
• a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

• non membrane bounded organelles responsible for protein synthesis;found in eukaryotes and porkaryotes
• a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction
• System of internal membranes within the cytoplasm. Membranes are rough due to the presence of ribosomes. functions in transport of substances such as proteins within the cytoplasm
• An endomembrane system where lipids are synthesized, calcium levels are regulated, and toxic substances are broken down.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

A phospholipid has

• a phosphate group in place of one fatty acid
  
• phosphate groups in place of two fatty acids

What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

• to make energy
• modify and transport proteins made by the ribosomes on it
• store water and other vital molecules
• to make new membranes and neutralize toxins

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2