Russia - AoS 1 - Stolypin & the Dumas

Which of the following was not a feature of the Fundamental Laws of the Empire (23 April 1906)?

• Article 105 gave the Tsar the power to dismiss the Duma and call new elections

• Article 86 required the approval of both the State Duma and the Tsar for all new laws

• Article 81 gave the State Duma the power to appoint government ministers

• Article 87 allowed the Tsar to rule by decree when the Duma was not in session

What was the significance of the Fundamental Laws of the Empire (23 April 1906)?

• They reasserted the Tsar’s 'supreme autocratic power' and limited the power of the newly created State Duma

• They declared that a State Duma would be elected on the basis of universal suffrage, thus transforming Russia into a democracy

• They severely limited the powers of the Tsar and expanded the powers of the State Duma

• They demonstrated that the Tsar had no intention of permitting elections for a State Duma

Which of the following best describes why the First (1906) and Second (1907) Dumas were dismissed by the Tsar?

• The First and Second Dumas refused to cooperate with the Tsar until he agreed to hand greater power to the Duma

• The First and Second Dumas were dominated by the radical Bolshevik party, which stood for the overthrow of the Tsarist regime

• The Tsar believed election results had been manipulated by socialist agitators

• The Tsar declared a state of emergency and dismissed the Dumas so he could respond quickly to the outbreak of World War I

Which of the following best explains why the Third Duma (1907-12) and Fourth Duma (1912-17) served their full five-year terms?

• The Tsar secured the support of the Duma by granting them the power to appoint government ministers and oversee government spending

• The Tsar won the support of the Duma due to his skilful leadership during World War I

• Changes to voting laws in 1907 increased the voting power of the peasantry, who were mainly supportive of the Tsar

• Changes to voting laws in 1907 ensured the conservative Octobrist party won a majority in both Dumas

Which of the following best describes Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin’s efforts to restore order after the 1905 Revolution?

• Ordered the redistribution of farmland from the gentry to the peasantry, and cancellation of all tax debts

• Convinced the Tsar to issue the October Manifesto, which fulfilled the demands of Russians for reform

• Placed the countryside under martial law and ordered mass arrests, which led to 3000 dissidents being executed and 50,000 exiled to Siberia

• Initiated the ‘Red Terror’, which granted the Okhrana sweeping powers and led to the execution of 140,000 people

Which of the following was not a way in which the State Dumas contributed to the development of the revolution?

• Encouraged public debate about, and criticism of, the Tsarist regime

• Provided an alternative source of authority to the Tsarist regime, which led to the creation of the Provisional Government during the February Revolution

• Funded revolutionary newspapers that encouraged criticism of the Tsarist regime

• Highlighted the Tsarist regime’s unwillingness to reform

Which of the following best describes how Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin altered Duma voting laws in July 1907:

• Reduced the voting power of workers and peasants, increased the voting power of gentry and industrialists

• Introduced the first elections based on universal suffrage

• Reduced the voting power of workers, increased the voting power of peasants

• Reduced the voting power of workers, increased the voting power of the bourgeoisie

How did Prime Minister Pyotr Stolypin attempt to resolve the grievances (complaints) of Russian peasants after the 1905 Revolution?

• Expanded the primary school system and invested in improved healthcare

• Cancelled tax debts and offered loans for the purchase of farmland

• Placed the countryside under martial law and executed 3000 rebels

• Ordered Cossack detachments to terrorise rebel villages

The Third Duma (1907-12) achieved several minor reforms by working with the Tsarist regime. Which of the following was not a reform achieved by the Third Duma?

• Significantly expanded the primary education system

• Limited wasteful spending on the navy

• Introduced a minimum wage and guaranteed basic workers’ rights

• Outlawed child labour and reduced the working day to no more than 12 hours