Unit 1 Test Review

This political thinker felt that people are reasonable beings. He supported self-government and argued that the purpose of government is to protect the natural rights of people. If government fails to protect these natural rights, he said, citizens have the right to overthrow it. 

• Locke
• Hobbes
• Voltaire
• Montesquieu

The political thinker believed that all humans are naturally selfish and wicked. He argued, therefore, that strong governments are necessary to control human behavior. To avoid chaos, he said, people enter into a social contract. They give up their rights in exchange for law and order. 

• Locke
• Hobbes
• Wollstonecraft
• Beccaria

How did Hobbes sum up people's quality of life in a state of nature?

• life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness
• poor, nasty, brutish, and short
• fulfilling, long-lived, philosophical, and introspective
• scared, hungry, lonely, and cold

According to Hobbes, people agreed to give up some ______ in exchange for _______ as part of the social contract.

• rights and power / protection
• food and shelter / weapons
• security and protection / freedom
• money / goods and services

Locke's inalienable rights include...

• life, liberty, and property
• pizza, chips, and soda
• life, property, and travel
• freedom of speech, freedom to bear arms, and freedom of assemble

Which Enlightenment philosopher believed government works best when there is separation of powers?

• Hobbes
• Locke
• Montesquieu
• Rousseau

Rousseau, Montesquieu, and Locke would all support:

• A dictatorship
• A democracy
• An absolute monarchy
• All of these

In the Glorious Revolution, William and Mary signed the _________, which forever limited the power of English kings and allowed Parliament to grow in power since they represented the people.

• English Bill of Rights
• Constitution
• Declaration of Independence
• Articles of Confederation

Baron de Montesquieu established two ideas that helped mold today's government in the United States. Those two ideas were....

• reason and progress 
• Separation of Power and Checks and Balances 
• Laissee-faire and Supply & Demand
• General Will and Social Contract

Which of the following principles is established in the Magna Carta?

• right to bear arms

• self-government

• free speech

• trial by jury