Brinkley Chapter 5

The Declaration of Independence

• borrowed heavily from previously published colonial documents.
• was never formally approved by the Second Continental Congress.
• avoided making any direct criticism of the king.
• called for the formation of a two-party democracy.
• originally recommended that all slaves be freed.

The author of Common Sense

• sought to concentrate colonial anger on unpopular parliamentary measures.
• was an American who had never been to England.
• sold very few copies of his pamphlet until after the war was won.
• was arrested by British officials and charged with treason.
• considered the English constitution to be the greatest problem facing the colonists.

For most Revolutionary American political thinkers, the concept of equality meant that there should be equality of

• opportunity.
• rights, regardless of race, sex, or property.
• condition.
• rights and of condition.

At the start of the Revolution, American advantages over the British included a

• greater commitment to the war.
• larger number of troops.
• better equipped navy.
• more coherent military command structure.
• better relationship with Native American tribes.

In the final phase (1778-1781) of the American Revolution, the British

• mounted their largest military assault against the Continental army.
• ) badly overestimated the support of American Loyalists.
• made a focused effort to win public support in the northern colonies.
• concentrated their efforts on capturing individual Patriots.
• began a policy of "total war" that resulted in several cities being burned to the ground.

Under the terms of the Treaty of Paris of 1783,

• the United States gained formal British recognition of American independence.
• Spain received Gibraltar from the English.
• the United States received all territory east of the Rocky Mountains.
• France received Canada from the English.
• England was forced to pay reparations to the new American nation.

Regarding the status of women, the effect of the American Revolution

• was minimal and short-term.
• was to dismantle the patriarchal legal system.
• was to end the traditional cultural concepts of the female role in society.
• generally weakened the position of women in society.
• led some women to question their position in society.

During the American Revolution, enslaved African Americans in the colonies

• joined the British army in large numbers to fight against their American masters.
• were assisted by the British to escape, as a way to disrupt the American war effort.
• were offered their freedom by Americans if they fought against the British.
• tried to help Loyalists escape to Canada in exchange for their freedom.
• were not significantly affected by the conflict.

During the American Revolution, Loyalists

• were forced to leave the colonies soon after the war began.
• were nearly all office holders in the English government.
• were forbidden by the Patriots to move to England until the war had ended.
• constituted perhaps as many as one-third of the white colonial population.
• freed their slaves to help augment British forces in the colonies.

Which of the following statements regarding the American Revolution and Native Americans is FALSE?

• The outcome of the war largely weakened the position of Indians.
• Indians generally had better relations with the British than with the Americans.
• White Americans' attitudes toward the tribes took a turn for the worse during the war.
• American Patriots had generally tried to persuade Indians to be neutral in the war.
• Some Indians took advantage of the conflict to launch attacks of their own.