Chapter 2 - History and Approaches

Which approach to psychology focuses on how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures?

• humanistic
• psychodynamic
• social-cultural
• cognitive

The first psychology laboratory was established by

• Wilhelm Wundt.
• William James.
• Sigmund Freud.
• John B. Watson.

The Greek philosopher who believed that intelligence was inherited was

• Aristotle.
• Plato.
• Descartes.
• Simonides.

The self-reflective observation of one's own sensations and feelings is called

• clinical psychology.
• introspection.
• spaced practice.
• humanism.

Which perspective would focus on the extent to which different styles of parenting are encouraged among various ethnic communities?

• cognitive
• psychodynamic
• social-cultural
• biological

Which approach to psychology focuses on how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information?

• biological
• cognitive
• evolutionary
• psychodynamic

Psychoanalytic psychology focuses mainly on:

• rewards and punishments

• self-esteem and self-actualization

• biology and genetics

• internal conflict and unconscious desires

• sensation and perception

Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the mind at birth is tabula rasa or a “blank slate”?

• Plato
• John Locke
• René Descartes
• Aristotle

William James was a prominent American

• psychoanalyst
• behaviorist
• functionalist
• structuralist

Humanistic psychologists focused on the importance of

• genetic predispositions.
• healthy growth potential.
• unconscious thoughts.
• punishment and reinforcement.