Nature of Science

What are the steps of the Scientific Method?

• Make observation & Ask question, Make Hypothesis, Analyze Results or data, Test Hypothesis, Draw Conclusion

• Make observation & Ask question, Make Hypothesis, Test Hypothesis, Analyze Data, Draw Conclusion and Communicate Results

• Make observation & Ask question, Communicate Results, Make Hypothesis, Analyze Results or data, Test Hypothesis, Draw Conclusion

• Communicate Results, Make observation & Ask question, Make Hypothesis, Analyze Results or data, Test Hypothesis, Draw Conclusion

What was Dr. Goldberger's first step in studying Pellagra?

• Made a hypothesis.

• Conducted two experiments; one with orphans and the other with prisoners.

• Determined the cause of pellagra.

• Observed the people who had pellagra.

After conducting his experiments, what was Dr. Goldberger's conclusion?

• Vitamin B complex is found in vegetables.

• Other diseases were caused by vitamin deficiencies as well.

• Only the poor had pellagra.

• Pellagra was caused by the diet of poor Southerners consisting of cornbread, fatback and syrup which lacked the appropriate nutrients.

In Dr. Goldberger's second experiment, what was the independent variable?

• Adding vegetables.

• The change of diet from meals that included vegetables and fruits to the diet of the poor Southerners which consisted of fatback, cornbread and syrup.

• Adding meat to the diet.

• Adding pork to the diet.

In the experiment with prisoners, what was the constant variable?

• screened windows, clean cells and clothing, same environment.

• pellagra

• pork and other foods

• fatback

Which of these is an example of quantitative data?

• The prisoners felt tired and confused.

• The prisoners felt very hungry.

• The prisoners became insane.

• 7 out of 11 prisoners got pellagra

Which of these is a good example of qualitative data?

• Patients with pellagra often felt confused, and tired.

• 300 orphans were used for experiments number 1.

• 6 orphans did not like their new diet.

• Twenty orphans never developed pellagra.

Which of these examples is not a good example of quantitative data?

• Petals are yellow.

• Petals are 12 cm long.

• Flower disc is 3 cm wide.

• Stem has 1 leaf.

What is the independent variable in a controlled experiment?

• It is the variable that is kept the same.

• It is the variable that is measured.

• It is the variable that is changed.

• It is the group that does not receive treatment.

What is the dependent variable in a controlled experiment.

• It is the variable that is changed.

• It is the variable that is measured and that depends on the independent variable.

• It is the variable that is kept the same in the experiment.

• It is a factor in a controlled experiment.