Heat Transfer and Temperature

Which statement best explains why liquids and gases conform to the shape of their container, but solids do not?

• The particles in a solid are square and bulky, but the particles in a liquid or gas are smooth and slippery

• The particles in a solid are bigger than the particles in a liquid or gas, so there is not enough room for them to move around

• The particles in a solid are too heavy to move around very much, but liquids and gases are made of lighter particles that float around

• The particles in a solid move slowly and too close together to move around eachother, but the particles in a liquid or gas are moving quickly and are further apart

A solid rock is sitting on the ground. Which statement best describes the particles that make up the rock?

• Not moving at all

• Vibrating but not changing place

• Constantly sliding over each other

• Always moving from place to place

Ashley warms her hands by placing them on a warm mug of cocoa. How do her hands gain thermal energy?

• The mug conducts heat to her hands.

• The mug radiates heat to her hands.

• The cocoa insulates her hands while the mug conducts heat to it.

• The mug convects heats to her hands.

How is temperature related to heat?

• Temperature is a measure of the heat of an object.

• Heat causes a change in the temperature of an object.

• Raising the temperature causes the heat of an object to increase.

• Temperature and heat are two different ways to measure the same thing.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

The picture shows a closed system before and after undergoing a change.

What was changed in the system?

• Particles were added to the system.

• Water was added to the system.

• Heat was added to the system.

• Air was added to the system.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-2

NGSS.MS-PS1-5

Kerry loves to swim in the lake by her house, but most of the year it is too cold to swim. What can warm up the water to make it comfortable for swimming?

• Energy from the Sun can remove heat from the lake and increase its temperature.

• Energy from the Sun can add heat to the lake and increase its temperature.

• Increasing the volume of water in the lake will increase its temperature.

• Decreasing the density of water in the lake will increase its temperature.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

The picture below shows Yvette's greenhouse, which is made of glass. How will sunlight affect the environment in the greenhouse?

• It will cause the greenhouse to lose all of its water due to evaporation.

• It will cause the greenhouse to stay the same exact temperature all day and night.

• It will add thermal energy to the greenhouse, causing liquid water to change phases and create a humid environment.

• It will absorb thermal energy from the greenhouse, causing liquid water in the greenhouse to freeze, causing a cool environment.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

When energy from the sun hits the air above land, the air warms and rises. Along coastlines, cooler air above the ocean flows toward the land to replace this rising air.

Which of the following best describes these processes?

• Conduction and Convection

• Radiation and Convection

• Conduction, Convection and Radiation

• Radiation and Conduction

Harvey is baking a pan of brownies to take to school. Which of the following best describes what types of thermal energy transfer are responsible for transferring heat from the oven to the brownies?

• convection and conduction

• radiatoin, convection, and conduction

• conduction and radiation

• convection and radiation

A student models convection currents in a laboratory activity.

How are the convection currents in the student's model different from the convection currents in Earth's atmosphere and oceans?

• The warm air in Earth's atmosphere and the warm water in Earth's oceans sink instead of rise.

• The heat source for Earth's atmosphere and oceans is the sun, which heats from above instead of below.

• Convection cells in Earth's atmosphere and oceans flow in the same direction instead of opposite directions.

• Cold air in Earth's atmosphere and cold water in Earth's oceans are less dense than warm air and warm water instead of being more dense.ts in a laboratory activity.

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS2-6