Ch. 7: Physical & Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

The _________ and surrounding areas of the cerebral cortex establish connections with one another and with the prefrontal cortex, supporting the dramatic gains in memory and spatial understanding of early and middle childhood.

• reticular formation

• cerebellum

• amygdala

• hippocampus

Infants born with inadequate thyroxine must receive it at once, or they will ______________.

• reach an average mature height of only 4 to 4 1/2 feet

• be intellectually disable

• grow too rapidly and have weak bones

• likely die within the first year

Which of the following statements about childhood injuries is true?

• Most childhood injuries in the United States are due to chance and cannot be prevented.

• Motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of death from birth to age 5 in the United States.

• Boys are nearly twice as likely as girls to be injured, and their injuries are more severe.

• Children in Western Europe are at greater risk for injury than children in the United States.

Six-year-old Kiara draws a picture of her mom. She is a neurotypical child. Her drawing will most likely be ________.

• a conventional human figure, with the head and body differentiated

• simple scribbles, with no discernible features

• a tadpole-like image with additional features, such as hair, eyes, and a nose

• a tadpole-like image, consisting of a circular shape and attached lines

In Piaget's three-mountain problem, 3-year-old Madison is asked which image matches what the doll sees. Instead of choosing the image that represents the doll's perspective, she chooses the image that reflects her own vantage point. Madison is demonstrating __________.

• animistic thinking

• an egocentric response

• a non-egocentric response

• centration