AP Unit 2 Biochemistry

Which of the following is an example of a hydrogen bond?

• the attraction between the oxygen of one water molecule and the hydrogen of an adjacent molecule

• the bond between hydrogen and carbon in glucose or any sugar

• the peptide bond between amino acids

• the intramolecular bond between hydrogen and oxygen within a molecule of water

The intramolecular bond between hydrogen and oxygen within a molecule of water

• There are no hydrogen ions in a strong basic solution

• Pure water has a neutral pH of 7 because the concentration of hydrogen ions equals the concentration of hydroxyl ions.

• The concentration of a solution with a pH f 5 is 5 times more acidic than a solution

  with pH 1.

• The concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution with a ph of 2 is 2,000 times more acidic than a solution with pH of 4.

Which of the following can be used to determine the rate of an enzyme-catalyzed reaction?

• The rate of substrate formed

• The decrease in temperature in the system

• The rate of enzyme used up

• The rate of substrate used up

A student analyzed a viral genome and found that the genome had the following nucleotide composition.

• 28% adenine

• 20% thymine

• 35% cytosine

• 17% guanine

Which of the following best describes the structure of the viral genome?

• Double-stranded DNA

• Single-stranded DNA

• Double-stranded RNA

• Single-stranded RNA

The CFTRCFTR protein is made up of 1,4801,480 amino acids linked together in a chain. Some humans produce a version of the CFTRCFTR protein in which phenylalanine (an amino acid) has been deleted from position 508 of the amino acid chain.

Which of the following best predicts how the amino acid deletion will affect the structure of the CFTRCFTR protein?

• It will have no observable effect on the structure of the CFTRCFTR protein.

• It will affect the primary structure of the CFTRCFTR protein, but the other levels of protein structure will not be affected.

• It will affect the secondary and tertiary structures of the CFTRCFTR protein, but the primary structure will not be affected.

• It will affect the primary, secondary, and tertiary structures of the CFTRCFTR protein.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Hydrolysis is involved in which of the following?

• Formation of starch, a polysaccharide, from monomers of glucose

• Hydrogen bond formation between nitrogen bases of nucleic acids

• Peptide bond formation between amino acids to form a protein

• The digestion of sucrose, a disaccharide to its monomers of glucose and fructose

A globular blood protein that transports vitamin A is 127 amino acids long. How many water molecules were produced in the synthesis of the protein, and by what chemical process were the amino acids joined together?

• 127; hydrolysis

• 127; dehydration

• 126; hydrolysis

• 126; dehydration

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria. In an experiment, bacteriophages were labeled with either radioactive phosphorus or radioactive sulfur. The labeled bacteriophages were incubated with bacteria for a brief amount of time and then removed. The infected bacteria cells were found to contain significant amounts of radioactive phosphorus but not radioactive sulfur.

Based on the results of the experiment, which of the following types of molecules did the bacteriophages most likely inject into the bacteria cells?

• Simple carbohydrate

• Amino acid

• DNA

• polypepetide

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a polymer made by joining 10 glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

• C₆₀H₁₂₀O₆₀

• C₆H₁₂O₆

• C₆₀H₁₀₂O₅₁

• C₆₀H₁₀₀O₅₀

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Enzymes are organic catalysts. How do they increase the rate of chemical reactions?

• By decreasing the free-energy change of the reaction

• By increasing the free-energy change of the reaction

• By raising the activation energy of the reaction

• By lowering the activation energy of the reaction

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5