Genes and Heredity Review

Albinism is a genetic trait in which a person produces little to no melanin, or pigment. An albino person’s skin and hair are much lighter than normal. Albinism is a recessive trait. The pedigree shows a family with a few albino members. Shapes representing family members with albinism are shaded. Based on the pedigree, which of the following statements is correct?

• A. Only female members of the family show the albinism trait

• B. In Generation II, family members 3, 4, and 6 have no albinism gene.

• C. Generation IV children from Generation III members 1, 6, and 8 are guaranteed to be albinos.

• D. Every person in the pedigree is either an albino or a possible carrier of albinism.

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How many chromosomes are present in the human cell nucleus?

• 23 chromosomes or 46 pairs

• 46 pairs or 92 chromosomes

• 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs

• 32 chromosomes or 16 pairs

These are the basic building blocks of all living things.

• DNA

• Cells

• Genes

• Chromosomes

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This part acts like the brain of the cell.

• DNA

• Genes

• Chromosomes

• Nucleus

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Thread-like structures that are found in the nucleus of a cell that contains all DNA.

• DNA

• Genes

• Chromosomes

• Nucleus

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A stretch of DNA with instructions for one trait.

• DNA

• Genes

• Chromosomes

• Nucleus

Half of these come from one parent and half come from the other parent.

• alleles

• Genes

• Chromosomes

• Proteins

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._______________ __________________ is known as the “father of modern genetics”

• Albert Einstein

• Gregor Mendel

• James Watson

• Francis Krick

.________________ ____________ is a characteristic or features of one organism that are passed from parent to offspring.

• genetic trait

• recessive allele

• homozgyous dominant

• inherited traits

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Traits that hide other traits when passed on to offspring are called __________________ _______________.

• recessive traits

• dominant traits

• homozygous traits

• heterozygous traits