Unit 1 Test Review

A student recalls when she was a young child she saw a milky substance come out of the broken stem of a dandelion plant. When she questioned her teacher the teacher told her the milky substance was sap. Later in life the same student was examining leaves on a Norway Maple tree and broke off a leaf for a closer look. Her friend asked "what is the milky liquid coming from the leaf stalk?" Recalling her previous experience with dandelion stems the student replied "I think it is sap". This students use of prior knowledge to answer a new and different question is an example of

• an observation

• an inference

• an experiment

• a hypothesis

A student is trying to determine if a certain beetle will help control the population of a harmful plant species. Which sequence of steps would be best suited for this investigation?

• develop a question

  conduct an experiment

  state a hypothesis

  make conclusions

  analyze data

• state a hypothesis

  make conclusions

  develop a question

  analyze data

  conduct an experiment

• make conclusions

  conduct an experiment

  develop a question

  state a hypothesis

  analyze data

• develop a question

  state a hypothesis

  conduct an experiment

  analyze data

  make conclusions

A student is given a ruler and a hand lens and asked to make observations and inferences about a rock sample collected on a field trip. The student wrote the nine statements below. Select all the OBSERVATIONS.

• When acid is placed on the rock, a bubbling reaction occurs at the white speckles.

• The smooth surface is most likely the result of weathering and erosion over many years

• The rock has a smooth surface.

• Fossil shells embedded in the rock can be seen with a hand lens.

• The rock probably formed in a water environment.

In order to make observations, an observer must use

• the senses

• experiments

• proportions

• mathematical calculations

Which statement is an inference?

• 15 hurricanes occurred in 2013

• Based on previous data, this winter's snow storms will probably not occur until January of 2020.

• A thermometer shows that the air temperature is 56°F.

• A mineral sample of galena produced a gray-black streak when tested.

A student examined a rock sample and described it as having particles of various colors that were 1 millimeter to 12 millimeters in size. The student was making

• a hypothesis

• an inference

• a prediction

• an observation

A possible explanation for an observation that can be tested by scientific investigations is referred to as.

• Scientific law

• Scientific fact

• A hypothsis

• An experiment

A student states that the graduated cylinder contains 150 mL of water. This statement is…

• an observation

• a prediction

• a hypothesis

• a theory

A student writes the following statement: "If I exercise three times each week and reduce the amount of fatty food that I eat, then I will lose weight and decrease my cholesterol level." This is an example of a…

• control group

• constant

• hypothesis

• theory

What is the independent variable in this graph?

• mass of mice

• species of mice

• measurement of the mass

• title of the graph