Repetition and Looping

What are the three basic types of looping structures?

• a. counting loop, sentinel-controlled loop, and result-controlled loop

• b. infinite loop, counting loop, nested loop

• c. while loop, for loop, do while loop

• d. count up loop, count down loop, infinite loop

What is the output of the following program fragment?

for ( int j = 0; j < 5; j++ )

{

cout<< j << " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. 0 1 2 3 4 5

• b. 0 1 2 3 4

• c. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

• d. j j j j j

What is the output of the following code fragment?

for ( int j = 10; j > 5; j-- )

{

cout<< j + " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. 10 11 12 13 14 15

• b. 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

• c. 10 9 8 7 6 5

• d. 10 9 8 7 6

What must the test be so that the following fragment prints out the integers 5 through and including 15?

for ( int j = 5; ________ ; j++ )

{

cout<< j<< " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. j<15

• b. j<=16

• c. j<16

• d. j==15

What must the change be so that the following fragment prints out the even integers 0 2 4 6 8 10?

for ( int j = 0; j <= 10; _______ )

cout<< j << " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. j+2

• b. j = j+2

• c. j++++

• d. j++

What must the initialization be so that the following fragment prints out the integers -3 -2 -1 ?

for ( _______; j < 0; j++ )

}

cout<< j << " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. int j = 0

• b. int j < 0

• c. int j = -3

• d. int j = -4

What is the output of the following code fragment?

for ( int j = 5; j > -5; j-- )

{

cout<< j << " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0

• b. 5 4 3 2 1 0

• c. 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 -5

• d. 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4

What is the output of the following code fragment?

for ( int count = 0; count < 9; ++count )

}

cout<< count<< " " ;

}

cout<<endl;

• a. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

• b. Nothing --- the program will not compile.

• c. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

• d. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

A loop that does not have a way of stopping is a(n) __ loop

• finite loop

• infinite loop

• sentinel loop

A loop that is inside another loop is called _

• for

• nested

• while

• do...while