8th Grade Topic 2 Solar System and Universe

Scientists use the light-year to describe the relationships between objects in space. What does a light-year measure?

• the distance that light can travel in one year

• the brightness of light that travels through space

• the number of years it takes light to travel to Earth

• the time it takes light to travel 1 million km

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

The sun is much larger than the moon. However, as viewed from Earth, the sun and moon appear to be the same size. Why do the sun and moon appear to be the same size when viewed from Earth?

• The moon is much hotter than the sun.

• The moon is much denser than the sun.

• The moon is much brighter than the sun.

• The moon is much closer to Earth than the sun.

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Which two objects in space are located farthest apart?

• Earth and Mars

• Earth and the sun

• Earth and the moon

• the Milky Way galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

Rebecca made a diagram of our solar system.

Which characteristic is NOT true of all planets in our solar system?

• They orbit the Sun

• They rotate on an axis

• They have an atmosphere

• They have moons

During a trip to a planetarium, Greg learned that the outer planets are Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune.

Which statement describes the four outer planets?

• They do not have rings

• They do not have moons

• They are made mostly of gas.

• They have rocky surfaces and volcanoes

Ajay made this drawing of our solar system.

What does the drawing show about the Sun and planets?

• their relative sizes

• their relative distances from the Sun

• how many moons each planet has

• whether or not they have an atmosphere

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-3

The motion of a body orbiting another body in space is called _____.

• revolution 
• period of revolution
• rotation
• period of rotation

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The greater mass a planet has,

• the greater the gravitational force it has

• the less gravitational force it has

• gravitational force does not depend on mass

• Objects would weigh less

As distance between two objects increase the pull of gravity

• Increases

• Decreases

• Stays the same

• None of these

Which of the following are true about spacetime? Choose all that true.

• one can traveling back in time

• one can travel in to the future

• Time slows down the closer to the center of gravity

• Time travel is not possible