1) The Andromeda Galaxy is the nearest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way Galaxy. Which unit would BEST be used to represent the distance between the Milky Way Galaxy and the Andromeda Galaxy?

• Astronomical unit

• Kilometer

• Light year

• Mile

1) The James Webb Space Telescope will be the largest telescope ever put into space and will replace the Hubble Space Telescope. It will be launched into orbit beyond Earth's moon, where it can work in an ultra-cold environment, protected from the heat of the Sun. Unlike Hubble, which collects information primarily from visible light, the Webb Telescope will use infrared-detecting technology to monitor space.

How will the new technology of the Webb Telescope enhance the data scientists will be able to collect from outer space?

• It will collect highly detailed data about nuclear activity deep within our Sun.

• It will detect high-energy ultraviolet radiation emitted from supernovae and black holes.

• It will avoid the distortion from the atmosphere and give scientists more accurate data.

• It will see farther out into space to give scientists insight into how the universe was formed.

How has our ability to send remote-controlled devices to planets such as Mars enhanced our understanding of the universe?

• It has made it possible for astronauts to visit distant planets in person.

• It has limited our exploration to planets with atmospheres similar to ours.

• It has allowed us to visually explore distant planets without endangering anyone.

• It has enabled us to collect soil samples from distant planets and bring them back to Earth.

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The chart below shows the average distance in astronomical units between each planet and the Sun.

Which planet would make the closest approach to Earth as the planet orbits the sun?

• Mars

• Mercury

• Jupiter

• Venus

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Rachel is learning about electromagnetic radiation that comes from the sun.

What types of electromagnetic radiation does the sun emit?

• Gamma rays and ultraviolet radiation

• Ultraviolet radiation only

• Infrared, visible, and ultraviolet radiation

• All types of electromagnetic radiation

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As part of his job at the U.S. Forestry Service, Scott uses satellite images to identify forest areas that have been cleared due to logging. The satellite images, which show show forests appearing cooler and cleared areas appearing warmer, are produced using electromagnetic radiation.

Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum does Scott’s technology MOST LIKELY use?

• Infrared radiation

• Gamma

• Radio

• Visible

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Carla is learning about types of electromagnetic waves. What is the difference between a microwave and a gamma wave?

• Microwaves are common and gamma waves are rare.

• Microwaves are silent and gamma rays are audible.

• Microwaves were invented by humans and gamma waves were not.

• Microwaves and gamma waves have different wavelengths.

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Wavelength and frequency are related. Gamma rays, microwaves, visible light, and infrared rays all have different frequencies.

Which of the following lists them in the correct order from longest wavelength to shortest wavelength?

• Visible light, microwaves, infrared rays, gamma rays

• Gamma rays, infrared rays, microwaves, visible light

• Infrared rays, microwaves, visible light, gamma rays

• Microwaves, infrared, visible light, gamma rays

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When NASA scientists communicate with the mars rover, shown in the illustration, they use electromagnetic radiation with a long wavelength and low energy.

Which type of radiation do they MOSTLY LIKELY use?

• X-rays

• Visible

• Radio

• Infrared

How is ultraviolet light different from the light emitted by a flashlight?

• Ultraviolet light is brighter than the light from a flashlight.

• Only light from a flashlight can travel through a vacuum.

• Ultraviolet light is invisible to the human eye.

• Ultraviolet light has a longer wavelength than the light from a flashlight.