Causes of Evolutionary Change

The movement of organisms in and out of a population

• gene flow

• gene pool

• mutation

• natural selection

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Immigration is a type of gene flow where organisms

• leave a population

• enter a population

• experience stasis

• don't move at all

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Emigration is a type of gene flow where organisms

• enter a population

• leave a population

• experience stasis

• don't move at all

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A hurricane hits and almost completely destroys an entire frog population in a given area. There are only a few survivors. Will this increase or decrease the genetic variation in that area?

• increase

• decrease

• stay the same

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In the 1700's about 200 people emigrated Germany and Switzerland and settled in the Unites States. They formed their own communities and are know today as the Amish. What type of genetic drift is this and example of?

• Bottleneck effect

• Founders effect

• Natural Selection

• Mutation

Babies that are born too small can lose heat too easily and may die, whereas babies being born too large can lead to complications during childbirth and the death of the mother or the baby. What type of selection is this an example of?

• directional

• distributive

• stabilizing

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Long neck giraffes are able to reach food high in the trees. Over time giraffes with short or medium size necks do not survive. What type of selection is being described?

• disruptive

• directional

• stabilizing

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Light- and dark-colored oysters are able to camouflage themselves better than their medium-colored relatives. What type of selection is being described?

• directional

• disruptive

• stabalizing

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Charles Darwin noted that finches beak sizes and shapes were all adapted for the specific type of food. Those individuals with the right shaped beak to reach the food would survive and pass that beak shape to its offspring. This an example of

• natural selection

• bottleneck effect

• founders effect

• gene flow

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Some insects encounter a pesticide. Most of the insects die but a few have a pesticide resistance in their DNA. These insects pass on this genetic resistance to their offspring so that the new generation will be immune to the pesticide. What is this random change in DNA called?

• bottleneck

• geographical isolation

• a mutation

• genetic drift

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