Ch. 6 - Learning

Who theorized Classical Conditioning?

• Sigmund Freud

• BF Skinner

• Ivan Pavlov

• John B. Watson

Ivan Pavlov is a ____________ scientist who won a Nobel Prize on Physiology and Medicine.

• German

• British

• Russian

• American

A _____________________ is something that produces a reaction

• Recovery

• Stimulus

• Generalization

• Reinforcement

Responding differently to stimuli that are not similar to each other is called

• Discrimination

• Aversion

• Counterconditining

• Conditioning

This is a method of overcoming fears in which people are taught relaxation techniques

• Generalization

• Desensitization

• Discrimination

• Counterconditining

Once Pavlov's dogs learned to salivate to the sound of a bell, the bell was a(n)

• unconditioned stimulus
• neutral stimulus 
• conditioned stimulus
• unconditioned response

In Pavlov’s experiment on salivation in dogs, the neutral stimulus was ____________ and the conditioned stimulus was ______________.

• the bell; the bell
• the bell; salivation
• the meat powder; the bell
• the meat powder; salivation

Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?

•  Taking away dessert if a child doesn't finish his dinner
•  Giving a child money for doing his chores
•  Spanking a child for walking into the street
•  Taking away privileges if a child doesn't finish his homework
  

A stimulus that causes an automatic response

• secondary stimulus

• operant stimulus

• unconditioned stimulus

• conditioned stimulus

Benny's mother tries to reduce his fear of sailing by giving the 3-year-old his favorite candy as soon as they board the boat. The mother's strategy best illustrates

• counterconditioning.

• cognitive therapy.

• transference.

• the placebo effect.