Origins of Life, Cells, and Macromolecules

Which of the following is not true about the first living things?

• A.The first living things may have used oxygen.

• B.The first living things were prokaryotic.

• C.The first living things were unicellular.

• D. The first living things had a cell membrane.

Which two cell structures work together in the process of making proteins?

• A.Nucleus and chloroplast

• B.Ribosome and Vacuole

• C.Nucleus and ribosome

• D.Mitochondria and cell membrane.

Hormones are proteins that regulate many functions in the body such as growth and cell differentiation. Which of the following does not describe a function of proteins in living organisms?

• A. They catalyze biochemical reactions

• B. They provide support for connective tissues

• C. They serve as a short-term energy source for the body

• D. They carry molecules from one place to another in the body

Proteins are one of four classes of biological macromolecules. Which of the following statements about proteins is not correct?

• Enzymes are specific types of proteins

• There are 20 amino acids that make up proteins

• All R chains on the amino acids that make up proteins are polar and acidic

• Peptide bonds form between amino acids in a dehydration reaction, creating proteins

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How do enzymes speed up the rate of biological reactions?

• Enzymes increase the activation energy of the reaction

• Enzymes provide a site where reactants can be brought together

• Enzymes become reactants and are used up in the chemical reaction

• Enzymes change the temperature of the surrounding to be suitable for the reaction

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Which of the following statement regarding carbohydrates is true?

• a. They contain fatty acids and glycerol

• b. They are made of monomers called amino acids

• c. They are used as living things as the main source of energy

• d. They are not used for structural support in living organisms

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Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?

• A. prokaryotic and aerobic

• B. prokaryotic and anaerobic

• C. eukaryotic and aerobic

• D. eukaryotic and anaerobic

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Which type of biomolecule is it?

• A. Proteins

• B. Carbohydrates

• C. Nucleic Acids

• D. Lipids

Which type of macromolecule is made up of Hydrogen (H), Carbon (C), Nitrogen (N) and Oxygen (O)

• A. Proteins

• B. Carbohydrates

• C. Nucleic Acids

• D. Lipids

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Plant cells are different from animal cells. The diagram identifies four different structures in a plant cell. Compared to the structures in animal cell, which of the following structures is found only in a plant cell?

• A. Mitochondria

• B. Cell Wall

• C. Cytoplasm

• D. Nucleus

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