CRM 2.1 Biogeochemical Cycles

During photosynthesis, the sun’s energy is used by green plants to produce glucose, which the

plant’s then use for food. Which of the following is the energy transformation that is taking

place?

• Light energy is converted to chemical energy

• Light energy is converted to mechanical energy

• Mechanical energy is converted to heat energy

• Mechanical energy is converted to kinetic energy

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The industrial revolution led to an overuse of nonrenewable resources. Some examples of

nonrenewable resources used for energy are coal, natural gas, and petroleum. In recent

years, scientists have expressed a need for conserving Earth's resources. In Florida, for

example, solar panels are used as an alternative energy source to nonrenewable energy

sources. Solar Panels are designed to absorb the sun's rays as a source of energy.The

purpose of the panels is to change solar energy into what form of energy?

• Kinetic energy

• Electrical energy

• Chemical Energy

• Mechanical energy

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In the energy pyramid provided, chemical energy is transferred from producers to consumers.

What energy transformation occurs in the food pyramid provided in the image above?

• Electrical Energy -> Heat Energy

• Light Energy -> Chemical Energy

• Kinetic Energy -> Electrical Energy

• Chemical Energy -> Mechanical Energy

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The equation provided illustrates photosynthesis, a chemical reaction that occurs in a plant..

When a plant performs this process it uses water, carbon dioxide, and light to produce the two

products, sugar and oxygen.

Water + carbon dioxide + light ---> sugar + oxygen

Based on the law of conservation of energy, what happened to the energy as the reaction

progressed?

A.

B.

C.

D.

• It was produced by the plant to be used at a later time.

• It was destroyed throughout the course of the reaction.

• It was converted to chemical energy stored in the sugar.

• It was converted to light energy in the form of oxygen gas.

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With regard to how energy moves, what type of system best describes putting a lid on a pot of

boiling water?

• A. This would be an inefficient system because energy and matter do not interact.

• B. This would be an open system because both energy and matter enter and leave.

• C. This would be an isolated system because neither energy nor matter enters or leaves.

• D. This would be a closed system because energy enters and leaves but matter does not.

Biological organisms are open systems. Energy is exchanged between organisms and their

surroundings, as they consume energy-storing molecules and release the energy to the

environment by doing work. Which scientific law supports this energy exchange?

• The Buoyancy Principle

• Newton’s Laws of Motion

• The Universal Law of Gravitation

• The Law of Conservation of Energy

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Processes involved in the water cycle are represented by letters in the diagram below.

In which groups are these processes correctly identified?

• A-Condensation

• B-Transpiration

• C-Evaporation

• D-Precipitation

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The diagram below shows the Nitrogen Cycle.

What is the role of Nitrates in the cycle?

• It is used by plants for protein synthesis

• It is used by bacteria to synthesize ammonia

• It is used by animals for atmospheric nitrogen

• It is used by animals for carbohydrate synthesis

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Which gas is the greatest contributor to climate change?

• Ozone

• Methane

• Nitrous Oxide

• Carbon Dioxide

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11. Which of the following statements best describes a scientific model?

• Models can be manipulated.

• Models can not be mathematical equations.

• Models can not be used to make predictions.

• Models can only show conceptual views of science.

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