Unit 4 Test

In the late 1800s, Mendel predicted the existence of units of hereditary information or factors. What do we call these units of hereditary information today?

• genes

• chromosomes

• proteins

• loci

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

Which term describes the form of a gene that produces a specific trait, such as eye color?

• chromosome

• gamete

• chromatid

• allele

Which term describes a type of trait that is usually expressed only when an organism has two identical alleles for the trait?

• dominant

• heterozygous

• homozygous

• recessive

Refer to the following information to answer this question.

A horticulturalist wants to produce geraniums with specific characteristics. She knows that the trait of red flowers is governed by the allele and the trait of white flowers is governed by the allele .

The horticulturalist plans to cross a geranium that is true-breeding for red flowers with a geranium that is true-breeding for white flowers. Which Punnett square best describes this cross?

• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Refer to the following information to answer this question.

A horticulturalist wants to produce geraniums with specific characteristics. She knows that the trait of red flowers is governed by the allele R (RR and Rr) and the trait of white flowers is governed by the allele r (rr).

What do the letters in each box of a Punnett square tell you?

• the full pedigree of the geraniums

• how to assemble a genetic map of the chromosome on which the alleles are located

• the possible combinations of alleles in offspring based on the parents' genetic makeup

• that both parents show characteristics of the dominant trait

Refer to the following information to answer this question.

A horticulturalist wants to produce geraniums with specific characteristics. She knows that the trait of red flowers is governed by the allele R (RR and Rr) and the trait of white flowers is governed by the allele r (rr).

The horticulturalist crosses two geraniums from the F1 generation. Look at the Punnett square to see this cross. What ratio of red-to-white flowering platns would you expect to see in the phenotypes of the F2 generation?

• 3 red : 1 white

• 2 red : 2 white

• all red

• 1 red : 3 white

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Refer to the following information to answer this question.

A certain species of grasshopper can have red stripes, yellow stripes, or red and yellow stripes. An RR grasshopper has red stripes, an YY grasshopper has yellow stripes, and an RY grasshopper has red and yellow stripes.

Which type of inheritance is this an example of?

• incomplete dominance

• sex-linked inheritance

• recessive inheritance

• codominance

Refer to the following information to answer this question.

A certain species of grasshopper can have red stripes, yellow stripes, or red and yellow stripes. An RR grasshopper has red stripes, a YY grasshopper has yellow stripes, and an RY grasshopper has red and yellow stripes.

A grasshopper with red stripes mates with a grasshopper with yellow stripes. What ratio would you expect to see in the phenotypes of their offspring?

• all with red stripes

• 1 with red stripes: 2 with red and yellow stripes: 1 with yellow stripes

• all with yellow and red stripes

• 2 with red stripes: 2 with yellow stripes

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-1

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

NGSS.HS-LS3-3

Which of the following best describes the relationship between a gene and an allele?

• An allele is a variant of a gene.

• A gene is always recessive to an allele.

• A gene is a variant of an allele.

• A gene is always dominant to an allele.

Which of the following is the best physical description of a gene?

• A chromosome is a segment of a gene.

• gene is a specific segment of DNA on a chromosome.

• A gene consists of all of the DNA on a chromosome.

• Genes carry many chromosomes.