Taxonomy Review

Fossils provide which of the following information about evolution:

• Details about the color of species in the past

• If an animal had fur, feathers or scales in the past

• Information about animal interactions and behaviors

• A timeline for when species were alive

Zoogeographic regions are characterized by the presence of specific groups of animals. These regions are determined by the taxonomic or phylogenetic relationships of animals. The map shows the zoogeographic regions proposed by the naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace in 1876.

The similarities of organisms in which two areas numbered above provide the best evidence for common ancestry between the organisms in both locations?

• 1 and 2

• 3 and 4

• 5 and 6

• 7 and 8

The dichotomous key below classifies winged fruits. According to the key, the pictured fruit comes from what tree?

• Fraxinus americana

• Fraxinus nigra

• Acer platanoids

• Acer negundo

Darwin’s theory of natural selection is often referred to as survival of the fittest. Which statement most accurately reflects “fitness” according to Darwin’s natural selection?

• Fitness is the measure of an individual organism’s adaptability to various habitats in an environment

• Fitness reflects the ability of an organism to run faster and hide better, or hunt and kill more efficiently

• Fitness refers to the relative health of each individual in the population so he or she could survive diseases

• Fitness is an individual organism’s reproductive success in surviving and producing viable offspring.

Which organisms pictured on the cladogram have hair?

• prosimians only

• prosimians and humans

• humans only

• prosimians and birds

What is this an example of?

• vestigial structures

• embryology

• homologous structures

• fossil record

A few deer wander out of their native woods into a completely new park where no deer had ever been before. They go on to create an entirely new population.

• Genetic Drift

• Natural Selection

• Non-random mating

• Mutation

Arthropods are joint-legged animals. Spiders, crabs, pill bugs, centipedes, and millipedes, are many different types of arthropods. Which of these Arthropods are most closely related?

• Arthropods of the same family

• Arthropods of the same class

• Arthropods of the same species

• Arthropods of the same genus

The picture shows light- and dark- colored beetles that live on a tree.

Which result is most likely to occur to the beetle population due to predation.

• The number of light-colored beetles in the population will increase.

• There will be more dark-colored beetles than light-colored beetles.

• The number of light-colored beetles will decrease.

• The dark colored beetles will move to a different type of tree.

What best describes the hind leg bones in a whale?

• Vestigial structures that had a function in an ancestor

• Analogous structures to the fins of living fish

• Fossil structures from an extinct ancestor

• Homologous structures to the wings of butterflies.