10A - Animal Systems

Which four body systems interact to allow a person to sneeze?

• muscular, immune, nervous, respiratory

• nervous, respiratory, circulatory, skeletal

• respiratory, endocrine, skeletal, circulatory

• lymphatic, skeletal, respiratory, muscular

The fuzzy millipede, Polyxenus fasciculatus, is found in Texas and is preyed upon by most species of ants. To protect itself against the ants, it ejects fibers from a tuft located at the tail end of its body. The tufts have hooks at the tips and barbs along their length that lock and interlink with the ant's setae, small hairs that cover the body of the ant. When an ant attacks, the millipede flexes its back end toward the ant and wipes the tufts against it. As the ant attempts to remove the tufts, it entangles itself more, becoming immobilized. Which two systems most directly interact in the fuzzy millipede's defense against ants?

• muscular and integumentary

• immune and muscular

• integumentary and endocrine

• endocrine and immune

A feedback mechanism in the human body is shown. Based on this diagram, which two systems interact to maintain homeostasis?

• The nervous and reproductive systems work together to stimulate the production of insulin

• The circulatory and endocrine systems work together to keep blood sugar levels constant

• The excretory and nervous systems work together to convert glycogen into glucose

• The immune and circulatory systems work together to circulate blood through the pancreas

The female reproductive and endocrine systems work interactively for which main purpose?

• To main homeostasis by removing waste products from the body

• To release neurotransmitters during times of stress

• To control hormone levels to prepare the body for pregnancy

• To exchange gases to support cellular aerobic respiration

How do the circulatory system and immune system work together to respond to an injury?

• Increased blood flow kills healthy cells which prevents infection at the site of the injury

• Increased blood flow removes infected cells from the body at the site of the injury

• Increased blood flow carries white blood cells to the site of the injury

• increased blood flow allows for an increase in the exchange of O₂ and CO₂ at the site of the injury

Which two body systems must directly interact for vertebrate organisms to exchange gases?

• skeletal system and muscular system

• excretory system and reproductive system

• circulatory system and respiratory system

• digestive system and immune system

The picture shows bean-shaped glands called nodes. The clusters of cells in nodes include macrophages that break down viruses and other potentially harmful materials. Nodes also contain cells that produce protein particles capable of capturing harmful materials that flow in tissue fluid through the nodes. Different parts of the body are drained by nodes in different regions of the body. Which body systems are directly responsible for regulating these nodes and protecting the body from harmful materials in tissue fluid?

• immune and lymphatic systems

• digestive and nervous systems

• endocrine and digestive systems

• circulatory and nervous systems

Which of the following is an example of the endocrine system directly interacting with the nervous system?

• The vertebrae protect the spinal cord from injury

• Hormones provide feedback that affects neural processing

• Sensory receptors in bones send signals about body positions to the brain

• the brain sends signals that control the speed at which food moves through the intestines

A student studying interactions between body systems constructs this table. The student plans to fill out the table with phrases that describe an interaction between each pair of systems. Which of these phrases could be placed in the position marked with an X?

• provides nutrients to kidney cells

• provides nutrients to brain cells

• provides nutrients to nerve cells

• provides nutrients to muscle cells

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-3

During the final stages of human gestation, receptors for the hormone oxytocin increase on the smooth muscle cells of the uterus. The release of oxytocin during labor stimulates the smooth muscle tissue in the wall of the uterus. The vigorous contraction of the uterine smooth muscle helps push the baby through the birth canal so that delivery can occur. This process involves the interaction of which organ systems?

• endocrine and muscular only

• endocrine and reproductive only

• endocrine, muscular, and reproductive

• endocrine, reproductive, and excretory

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3