C.1 Enzymes MHS IB Bio

An enzyme is a

• carbohydrate.

• protein.

• lipid.

• nucleic acid.

The region on the surface of the enzyme that the substrate binds to is the

• active site.

• activation energy.

• lock-and-key model.

• catalysis.

The complex network of interdependent and interacting chemical reactions occuring in living organisms is known as

• metabolism

• anabolic reactions

• catabolic reactions

• specificity

Enzymes act as catalysts to __________ the rate of a biochemical reaction by ___________ the activation energy needed for the reaction to occur.

• increase, lowering

• decrease, lowering

• increase, raising

• decrease, raising

Catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones. Does this require or release energy?

• require

• release

As a substrate approaches an active site, the substrate and enzyme both slightly change shape, known as

• concentration increase

• lock and key

• induced fit

• enzyme substrate specificity

According to the induced fit model, as a substrate approaches an enzyme, it induces a ______________ in both the substrate and the active site.

• conformational change

• chemical change

• color change

The coming together of a substrate and the enzyme's active site is known as

• collision.

• activation energy.

• denaturation.

• increasing pH.

Collisions are the result of _______ of the substrate and enzyme. Successful collisions are ones in which the substrate and active site correctly ______.

• random movements, align

• repulsion, repel

• cooling, attract

• denaturation, match up

After an enzyme is denatured, the substrate can ______ to the active site.

• bind

• no longer bind