AQA A level Haloalkanes

What are halogenoalkanes ?

• Alkanes in which one or more group (9×2-11) atoms have been ionically bonded to a carbon atom

• Alkenes in which two group (5+2) atoms have been added on

• Alkanes in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a group (-7+14) atom

• Alkanes in which one or more carbon atoms have been replaced by a group (3+4) atom

Name that haloalkane

• 1,2,3-dichlo-methyl-propane

• 1,3-dichloro-2-methyl-propane

• 1,3-dichloro-butane

• 1,2-dichloro-2,2-dimethyl-propane

What's a substitution reaction ?

• In instance in one mechanism where a halogen atom is exchanged for a new atom; new atom attacks the carbon and creates a halide ion

• In instance in one mechanism where a hydrogen atom is exchanged for a carbon atom; hydrogen atom attacks the carbon and creates a halide ion

• A process with start, middle and end

• A process with initiation, propagation and termination

Are carbon to halogen bonds polar ?

• Yes

• No

What is an elimination reaction ?

• One carbon atom and one oxygen atom are removed from two of the carbon atoms and a double bond forms between two carbon aroms.

• When's dipole molecule approaches the hydrocarbon, it attacks and bonds to any carbon and the other side of the dipole atom attaches to the adjacent carbon.

• One hydrogen atom and halogen atom are removed from neighbouring carbon atoms int he molecule and a double bond forms between the two carbon atoms.

Which is 1-bromo-2-chloro-2-methyl-propane

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What is 1-chloro-3-methyl-butane?

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What is the following product of this reaction?

• 1

• 2

• 3

• 4

Why does the reaction

C₂H₅X + OH^- → C₂H₅OH + X^-

occur faster if X is iodine instead of Bromine?

• the I^- ion is a stronger nucleophile than the Br^- ion.

• the I^- ion is less hydrated in water than the Br^- ion

• C-Br bond is more polar than the C-I bond

• the C-Br bond is stronger than the C-I bond

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5

State the type of reaction that takes place when compound V reacts with an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide.

• base catalytic elimination

• electrophilic addition

• electrophilic substitution

• nucleophilic substitution