SC.8.E.5.9 Earth and Moon

1. The diagram below shows Earth on its axis, causing day and night. Which term describes the movement shown?

• Orbit

• Period of Revolution

• Period of Roation

• Tilt

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

2. The motion of the Moon around the Earth causes the moon to change its ______.

• orbit

• phases

• rotation

• gravitational pull

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3. Colin is visiting his grandparents at the beach. While walking on the beach, he notices the tide pools that are left behind when the ocean recedes. Which of the following explains the cause of tides?

• a. Tides are caused by the centrifugal force of Earth's rotation.

• b. Tides are caused by the gravitational interaction between Earth and the Moon.

• c. Tides are caused by the expansion of ocean water due to warming by sunlight.

• d. Tides are caused by the force of attraction between the Earth's oceans and the Sun.

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Why is the same side of the Moon always visible from Earth?

• The Moon does not revolve around the Earth.

• The Moon does not rotate.

• The Moon makes exactly one period of rotation for each period of revolution around the Earth.

• The Moon’s rotation axis is not tilted.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

5. Why do solar eclipses happen only during a new moon?

• A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all aligned. This allows the Moon to appear to cover the Sun.

• A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all in a 90 degree angle. This allows the Moon to appear to cover the Sun.

• A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all aligned. This allows the Sun to appear to cover the Moon.

• A new moon occurs when the Sun, the Moon and Earth are all in a 90 degree angle. This allows the Sun to appear to cover the Moon.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

One of Earth's characteristics is that it experiences seasons. Higher temperatures result in summer and lower temperatures result in winter. Select the correct reasoning for why Earth experiences seasons.

• a. Earth's orbit around the Sun is elliptical, and Earth is farther from the Sun in winter, resulting in seasons.

• b. Cloud cover is heavier in the winter, blocking radiation from the Sun and creating seasons.

• c. The tilt of the Earth on its axis as it revolves around the sun causes seasons based on direct or indirect rays.

• d. Temperatures on Earth vary from one location to another based on the bodies of water and latitude, causing seasons.

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