Vocab Test Review

Big Data

• a technique for encryption that shifts the alphabet by some number of characters

• American Standard Code for Information Interchange; the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand

• broad term for data sets so large or complex that traditional data processing applications are inadequate.

• the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.

One-pager

• A business/corporate term for a one-page document that summarizes a large issue, topic or plan.

• When you attempt to decode a secret message without knowing all the specifics of the cipher, you are trying to "crack" the encryption.

• A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

• A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices.

Decryption

• a process that reverses encryption, taking a secret message and reproducing the original plain text

• a "hard' problem for a computer is one in which it cannot arrive at a solution in a reasonable amount of time.

• A type of computer that forwards data across a network

• a process of encoding messages to keep them secret, so only "authorized" parties can read it.

Phishing Scam

• American Standard Code for Information Interchange; the universally recognized raw text format that any computer can understand

• the RGB color model uses varying intensities of (R)ed, (G)reen, and (B)lue light are added together in to reproduce a broad array of colors.

• A contraction of "Binary Digit"; the single unit of information in a computer, typically represented as a 0 or 1

• a thief trying to trick you into sending them sensitive information. Typically these include emails about system updates asking you send your username and password, social security number or other things.

Lossless Compression

• HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Interne

• (or irreversible compression) a data compression method that uses inexact approximations, discarding some data to represent the content. Most commonly seen in image formats like .jpg.

• a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.

• having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure

Protocol

• the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.

• short for Domain Name System, this system translates domain names (like example.com) to IP addresses (like 93.184.216.34)

• A set of rules governing the exchange or transmission of data between devices

• Used prevalently on the web, it allows for secure messages to be sent between parties without having to agree on, or share, a secret key. It uses an asymmetric encryption scheme in which the encryption key is made public, but the decryption key is kept private.

HTTP

• short for Domain Name System, this system translates domain names (like example.com) to IP addresses (like 93.184.216.34)

• short for "picture element", the fundamental unit of a digital image, typically a tiny square or dot that contains a single point of color of a larger image.

• a process that reverses encryption, taking a secret message and reproducing the original plain text

• HyperText Transfer Protocol - the protocol used for transmitting web pages over the Internet

Network Redundancy

• a program that runs on a computer to do something the owner of the computer does not intend.

• the principle that all Internet traffic should be treated equally by Internet Service Providers.

• having multiple backups to ensure reliability during cases of high usage or failure

• a data compression algorithm that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.

Caesar Cipher

• a technique for encryption that shifts the alphabet by some number of characters

• the generic term for a technique (or algorithm) that performs encryption

• Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.

• an encryption technique that maps each letter of the alphabet to a randomly chosen other letters of the alphabet.

Packets

• A base-16 number system that uses sixteen distinct symbols 0-9 and A-F to represent numbers from 0 to 15.

• An easy-to-remember address for calling a web page (like www.code.org).

• Transmission Control Protocol - provides reliable, ordered, and error-checked delivery of a stream of packets on the internet. TCP is tightly linked with IP and usually seen as TCP/IP in writing.

• Small chunks of information that have been carefully formed from larger chunks of information.