8 Sci Friction and Motion PS 3-5

A person who weighs 180 pounds on Earth would weigh only 30 pounds on the Moon. Which statement best explains why?

• Earth’s circumference is larger than the Moon’s.

• The density of Earth is greater than that of the Moon.

• Earth’s diameter is larger than that of the Moon.

• The mass of Earth is greater than that of the Moon.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Which statement about the difference between the weight of an object and its mass is most correct?

• No difference; two names for same thing.

• Mass is constant; weight depends on speed.

• Weight depends on gravity; mass depends on magnetism.

• Weight varies with location; mass is the same in all locations.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

Astrophysicists study an asteroid that is moving toward Titan, a moon of Saturn. The gravitational attraction will...

• increase as the distance between them decreases.

• increase as the mass of the asteroid increases.

• decrease as the speed of the asteroid increases.

• decrease as the speed of the asteroid decreases.

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NGSS.MS-ESS1-2

Two blocks are considered. They are 2 meters (m) apart. What will happen to the force of gravity between the blocks if the left block is moved 1 meter closer to the right block?

• The force of gravity will still be zero.

• The force of gravity will be two times less.

• The force of gravity will double.

• The force of gravity will be 4 times greater.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-5

What is true about the force of gravity on two objects with different masses?

• The larger the mass, the greater the force.

• The larger the mass, the smaller the force.

• The force of gravity is the same for all objects.

• The force of gravity is negative for some low mass objects.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

For every action there is __. Which statement best completes Newton’s third law?

• an equal force in the same direction.

• an unbalanced reaction in a random direction.

• a shift in momentum toward acceleration.

• an equal and opposite reaction.

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Which experiment would most directly reveal the inertia of an object?

• weighing Landon on a digital scale

• causing Cole to fly off of a 4-wheeler when you brake hard

• dropping Joel out of a tree house

• throwing Madison to see how far she goes

As a spacecraft narrows the distance to a planet from 500,000 kilometers to 100,000 kilometers, the force of gravity between the planet and the spacecraft becomes...

• 2 times stronger.

• 8 times stronger.

• 25 times stronger.

• 100 times stronger.

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The force of gravity on Mars is different than on Earth. Gravity is less on Mars because Mars...

• is farther from the Sun than Earth is.

• has less mass than Earth.

• has a weaker magnetic field than Earth.

• is smaller in diameter than Earth.

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NGSS.MS-PS2-4

When a rocket is first launched from Earth, the force of the rocket motor is steady, but the mass of the rocket decreases steadily as fuel is burned. How does this change in mass affect the motion of the rocket?

• The speed of the rocket increases at a steady rate.

• The acceleration of the rocket increases.

• The speed of the rocket stays the same.

• The acceleration of the rocket decreases.

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