Which of the following demonstrates the greatest increase between the atoms first and second ionization energies?

• He

• Na

• Mg

• Al

Which statement best compares the atomic radius of a potassium atom and the atomic radius of a calcium atoms?

• The radius of the potassium atom is smaller because of its smaller nuclear charge

• The radius of the potassium atom is smaller because of its smaller nuclear charge

• The radius of the potassium atom is larger because of its smaller nuclear charge

• The radius of the potassium atom is larger because of its larger nuclear charge

Which atom is the least electronegative?

• O

• Cl

• Fr

• N

Which two gases cannot be broken down by chemical means?

• CO and He

• CO and NH₃

• Xe and He

• Xe and NH₃

What scientist and experiment determined that electrons had a negative charge?

• Rutherford fired alpha particles at gold foil

• Thompson observed the deflection of particles in a cathode ray tube

• Shrodinger calculated the wave function of particles

• Dalton measured the mass of reactants and products in reactions

An atom in the ground state contain three electrons in its outermost principal energy level. This is an atom found in group?

• Group 1

• Group 2

• Group 13

• Group 17

What process of a phase change do points A and G represent?

• The substance at point A melts as the pressure and temperature increase towards point G

• The substance at point A condenses as it crosses point E and freezes at point G

• The substance at point A sublimates as the pressure and temperature increase towards point G

• The substance at point A vaporizes and becomes liquid at point G

Which general trends in first ionization energy and electronegativity values are demonstrated by Group 15 elements as they are considered in order from top to bottom?

• The first ionization energy decreases and the electronegativity decreases.

• The first ionization energy increases and the electronegativity increases.

• The first ionization energy decreases and the electronegativity increases

• The first ionization energy increases and the electronegativity decreases.

Which of these elements have a full outer shell?

• H

• F

• Ar

• Na

Which of these elements have a full outer shell?

• s orbitals

• p orbitals

• d orbitals

• f orbitals