Biol160 Chapter 14

Which of the following define(s) a species? (Select all that apply)

• population of organisms that can breed together and produce fertile offspring

• organisms that share observable and measurable phenotypic traits

• organisms that share a common and unique genetic history

• organisms that share common and unique adaptations to fit specific roles in an ecological community

These two gulls are two separate species: the great black backed gull and the lesser black backed gull. Though they look very similar and have similar habitats, they are considered different species. Why? (Select all that apply)

• They do not normally interbreed

• They have different behaviors

• They have different songs

• They regularly interbreed

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There are several other species pairs like these gulls in the Great Plains (orioles, chickadees, yellow-rumped warblers, and flickers). Some are considered separate species and others aren’t, even though they do appear quite different. Which of the following might have geographically isolated these different bird populations, leading to speciation?

• The Mississippi River

• Glaciation in the Great Plains that isolated populations to the edge of glaciers

• Prairie fires in the spring

• Hurricanes from the Gulf of Mexico

In Diane Dodd’s experiment, a laboratory fruit fly population was separated into two isolated populations living in different environments. Which mode of speciation is modeled in this experiment?

• Macromolecular

• Allopatric

• Sympatric

• Hybridic

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Diane Dodd’s hypothesis predicted that reproductive barriers would develop in fly populations isolated and reared in different environments. Did the results support this hypothesis?

• Yes; female fruit flies showed a preference for mating with males reared in the same environment.

• No; female fruit flies were able to mate with males reared in the

  same and different environments.

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In Diane Dodd’s experiment, a laboratory fruit fly population was separated into two isolated populations living in different environments. Which of the following best describes the control group for this experiment?

• mating between male flies raised on maltose medium and female flies on starch medium

• mating between male and female flies raised on starch medium in different populations

• mating between female flies raised on maltose medium and male flies raised on starch medium

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A reproductive barrier that prevents mating from ever taking place is a:

• Postzygotic Barrier

• Prezygotic Barrier

• Natural Selection

• Species-specific Barrier

A reproductive barrier that prevents mating from occurring due to time is a:

• Behavioral Isolation

• Temporal Isolation

• Habitat Isolation

• Mechanical Isolation

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Dogs are unable to mate with cats because their sperm/egg cells are not compatible. This is called:

• Temporal Isolation

• Gametic Isolation

• Behavioral Isolation

• Habitat Isolation

Sexual selection is when a member of a species chooses a sexual partner based on some external quality. This is an example of:

• Gametic Isolation

• Habitat Isolation

• Hybrid Breakdown

• Behavioral Isolation

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