Skeletal System: Osseous Tissue and Bone Structure

Bones are made up of the following cell types:

• osteoblasts

• osteocytes

• marrow cells

• osteoclasts

• osteoprogenitor cells

What mineral salt gives bone tissue its strength?

• magnesium

• phosphorus

• calcium

• iron

The functions of the periosteum are

• Isolate bone from surrounding tissues

• break down and resorb old bone tissue

• Provide a route for circulatory and nervous supply to the bone

• participate in bone growth and repair

Osteoblasts are

• multinucleate cells that dissolve bone matrix and release stored minerals

• a type of mesenchymal stem cell

• mature bone cells that maintain bone matrix

• immature bone cells that secrete matrix compounds called osteoid

Bones maintain homeostasis by

• participating in bone building and recycling

• remaining flexible

• getting longer and thicker

• by adjusting water and salt levels in the body

The two forms of ossification are

• intramedullary

• endochondral

• intramembranous

• endosteal

Bone contain blood vessels and nerves

• True

• False

Bone can stay strong without regular exercise

• true

• false

Bone strength depends on which of the following

• Eating red meat for iron and protein

• Consumption of dairy products and other calcium-rich foods

• Drinking cola for its phosphoric acid content

• Taking magnesium supplements

Vitamin D deficiency leads to

• Scurvy

• Bone bleeding

• Rickets

• Bone spurs