Plant Structure and Function

Terrestrial plants have stomata on the surface of their leaves. Stomata are surrounded by two guard cells that change shape in response to environmental factors and open or close the stoma. Which of the following best explains how the structure of the leaf is used in processes that occur in plants?

• Water enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for transpiration

• Gases for photosynthesis are exchanged through the surface of the leaf.

• Energy for cellular reproduction is absorbed through the surface of the leaf.

• Carbon dioxide enters the plant through the surface of the leaf for cell reproduction.

What is the main function of leaves?

• Leaves provide support for growth and a place to store food.

• Leaves provide a place for photosynthesis to occur.

• Leaves absorb water and minerals and transport nutrients to the stem.

• Leaves absorb water and minerals and transport nutrients to the stem.

Which structure in the leaf controls the opening and closing of the stoma?

• cuticle

• epidermis

• guard cell

• spongy mesophyll

What is the main purpose of seeds in plants that have them?

a. To protect and distribute the zygote. b. To entice animals to eat the plant.

c. To be fertilized by other plants. d. To store water for the mother plant.

• To protect and distribute the zygote.

• To entice animals to eat the plant.

• To be fertilized by other plants.

• To store water for the mother plant.

How does the stomata contribute to the survival of the plant?

• It allows the intake of gases necessary for photosynthesis.

• It allows the intake of minerals necessary for plant growth.

• It allows the intake of sunlight necessary for ATP production.

• It allows the intake of sugars necessary for plant reproduction.

Plants that produce seeds

• do not need cuticles on their leaves

• transport seeds in vascular tissue

• can live in dry environments

• do not need vascular tissue

What characteristic do all gymnosperms share?

A. They live only in hot, dry climates. B. They produce naked seeds.

C. They are trees. D. They grow cones.

• They live only in hot, dry climates.

• They produce naked seeds.

• They are trees.

• They grow cones.

The adaptation that helps plants retain water is the

• vascular tissue

• zygote

• leaf

• cuticle

What happens in phloem?

• Water is transported up.

• Food (carbohydrates) is transported down.

• Spores are transported up.

• Seeds are transported down.

Angiosperms that live for more than two years are called

• annuals.

• biennials.

• perennials.

• monocots.