Universe Test Review

Scientists use optical astronomy and radio astronomy to study star forming regions. What is one disadvantage of using optical astronomy to study the universe?

• Optical astronomy images get distorted due to dust.

• Optical astronomy cannot be used to capture the images of galaxies.

• Optical astronomy releases harmful radiations in the atmosphere.

• Optical astronomy cannot capture radiations of longer wavelengths.

Which statement is true for the formation of tides on Earth?

• The Sun and Moon are the same distance from Earth and have the same effect on the tides.

• The Moon has the greatest effect on tides since it is closer to Earth than the Sun.

• The Sun has the greatest effect on tides since it has a greater mass than the Moon.

• The Moon has the least effect on tides since it has a smaller mass than the Sun.

What is the major advantage of space-based telescopes over Earth-based telescopes?

• They are millions of miles closer to the subject.

• They are less expensive to build and maintain.

• They are above the Earth’s atmosphere which can cause distortions.

• They are affected less by the gravity of the Earth and the Moon.

Based on the diagram, a student claims that the universe is expanding. Which statement correctly analyzes the claim?

• The claim is correct because the spectral lines shift to the red end of the spectrum when a galaxy spins faster.

• The claim is incorrect because the spectral lines in the red end of the spectrum are obtained only from red giant stars in a galaxy.

• The claim is incorrect because the spectral lines in the red end of the spectrum are obtained when the light from a galaxy passes through a nebula.

• The claim is correct because the spectral lines shift to the red end of the spectrum when a galaxy moves away.

What can be concluded from the data in the table?

• As the distance from the Sun decreases, the planet diameter increases.

• As the distance from the Sun increases, the planet diameter increases.

• As the distance from the Sun decreases, the orbital velocity increases.

• As the distance from the Sun increases, the orbital velocity increases.

Why are tides on Earth higher than normal during spring tides?

• The Moon cancels out the gravitational pull of the Sun on Earth.

• The Sun comes closer to Earth and increases its pull.

• The Moon comes closer to Earth and increases its pull.

• The Sun combines its gravitational force with that of the Moon on Earth.

An astronomer wants to study celestial objects with the shortest wavelengths. What kind of telescope should the astronomer use for this task?

• infrared telescope

• optical telescope

• radio telescope

• X-ray telescope

Which position(s) of the Moon cause(s) spring tides on Earth?

• position 1 only

• position 2 only

• positions 1 and 3

• positions 2 and 4

What can be concluded from the graph?

• The closer the galaxy, the faster it moves toward Earth.

• The closer the galaxy, the slower it moves toward Earth.

• The farther the galaxy, the faster it moves away from Earth.

• The farther the galaxy, the slower it moves away from Earth.

If the average distance between the Earth and the Sun were reduced by half, what changes would occur in the Sun's gravitational pull on Earth and Earth's period of revolution?

• Gravitational pull would increase, and the period of revolution would decrease.

• Gravitational pull would increase, and the period of revolution would increase.

• Gravitational pull would decrease, and the period of revolution would decrease.

• Gravitational pull would decrease, and the period of revolution would increase.