IGCSE Ionic and Covalent Bonding

What change in an atom occurs when it forms a positive ion?

• It gains electrons
• It gains protons
• It loses electrons
• It loses protons

Ionic compounds are usually made up from

• Metals

• Metals and non-metals

• Non-metals

Sodium Chloride is an ionic solid. Which statement is not correct?

• Ions are formed when atoms lose or gain electrons

• Ions in sodium chloride are strongly held together

• Ions with the same charge attract each other

• Ions with opposite charges attract each other

Lithium reacts with nitrogen to form the compound lithium nitride. What happens to the nitrogen atom ?

• Each nitrogen atom gains three electrons to form an N^3- ion

• Each nitrogen atom gains five electrons to form an N^5- ion

• Each nitrogen atom loses three electrons to form an N³⁺ ion

• Each nitrogen atom loses three electrons to form an N⁵⁺ ion

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A covalent bond is formed between atoms by

• The transferring of protons
• The sharing of a pair of protons
• The transferring of electrons
• The sharing of a pair of electrons

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Which statement about bonding is not correct?

• Carbon can form four single covalent bonds

• Chlorine atoms bond with each other by sharing a pair of electrons

• Covalent bonding involves losing and gaining electrons

• Hydrogen molecules have the formula H₂

The diagram shows the electron arrangement in atoms of four elements. Which one does not form covalent bonds?

• A

• B

• C

• D

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The electronic structures of atoms P and Q are shown. P and Q react to form an ionic compound. What is the formula for the compound?

• Q₇P

• QP

• QP₃

• QP₇

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Which compound matches this description?

"Electrons from each element are shared by both of the elements in a compound."

• Lead bromide

• Sodium Chloride

• Water

• Zinc Oxide

Which diagram does not show the outer shell electrons in the molecule correctly?

• A

• B

• C

• D