Which of these happened during the HIGH Middle Ages (about 1000-1300 CE)?

• The fall of Rome

• The Crusades

• The Plague

Which of the following was NOT a reason western Europe became so dangerous after the fall of Rome?

• Violence was common and travel was dangerous

• Roads that once connected cities rotted and became dangerous

• Small farming communities evolved into feudal manors

• Kings existed to lead armies, functioning essentially as warlords

Which of these BEST defines Feudalism?

• An agreement among members of Medieval society to cooperate for benefits while sacrificing some freedoms

• The dominant political and social system of the Middle Ages which formed out of a need for protection and self sufficiency after the fall of Rome

• A system where vassals served Lords

• A system where peasants had to show respect to knights and Lords

How did Kings gain power over Nobles and the Church in the High/Late Middle Ages?

• They set up court systems

• They developed systems of taxation and built standing armies

• They strengthened ties with the peasants

• They strengthened ties with the growing merchant class to undermine the power of the nobility

Why did the Pope and Charlemagne collaborate to create the 'Holy Roman Empire?'

• The Pope saw Charlemagne's empire as a way to revive the 'glory' of old Rome ruled by a powerful Christian Emperor, and in return, Charlemagne had the support of the Catholic Church to rule his Empire

• Charlemagne knew the Church was wealthy, and sought to collaborate with the Church in order to enrich himself

• Charlemagne wanted to encourage cultural advances within the Western Church

Which of these groups' power weakened during the Middle Ages overall?

• The Catholic Church

• Kings

• Nobles

• Merchants

• Peasants

What powers/influence did the Catholic Church have in the Early/High Middle Ages especially?

• It controlled 1/3 of the land in Europe

• Monarchs and Nobles owed formal loyalty and respect to the Church, and could not place taxes on it

• The Church commanded vast armies, for example during the Crusades

• The Church set standards and norms for social behavior

• Governmental/law enforcement powers - the Spanish Inquisition is one example

What events contributed to the decline of the Catholic Church's influence in Europe?

• The Plague

• The Magna Carta

• The Crusades

• The edict of Milan

Medieval military expeditions made by Europeans to, as they felt, “recover” the Holy Land from the Muslims in the 11th, 12th, and 13th centuries - Pope Urban II called for the first ones

• The Plague

• Pogroms

• The Crusades

• The Hundred Years' War

Why did so many people join the Crusades?

• Anti Muslim feeling

• The Pope granted an indulgence to all who participated

• If one's Lord/King went - feudal obligation commanded it!

• One could keep lands and wealth seized during the Crusades