AP Bio Cells Review

Eukaryotic Cell

• a cell containing a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
• a cell that lacks a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles; includes achaea and bacteria
• the idea that the mitochonria and chloroplasts were once free living and were engulfed by other prokaryotic cells.
• a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible for growth and reproduction

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

What 4 structures are common between plant, animal, and bacterial cells?

• Golgi Apparatus, Chloroplasts, Ribosomes, Nucleus
• Cell Wall, Mitochondria, Cell Membrane, Cytoplasm
• Rough ER, Smooth ER, Nucleus, Ribosomes
• DNA, Cytoplasm, Ribosomes, Cell membrane

Lysosome:

• The smallest organelle with a huge job / Makes proteins, which are the building blocks of the body.
  
• Small sacks with pores / Contains digestive enzymes that get rid of waste, worn-out cell parts, and captured invaders.
  
• Bean-shaped organelle filled with folded membranes / Breaks down glucose to release energy for cell functions
  
• Stacks of pancake-like membranes that package materials to ship out of the cell.
  

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-2

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

A protein that forms an ion channel through a membrane is most likely 

• a peripheral membrane protein
• a phospholipid
• an enzyme.
• a transmembrane protein

The difference between osmosis and diffusion is that

• diffusion is passive transport, whereas osmosis is active transport
• only in diffusion do molecules move from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration
• osmosis is the opposite of diffusion and only involves the movement of water
• osmosis refers specifically to the movement of water, whereas diffusion refers to the movement of any type of molecules

If aquaporins are injected into the membranes of epithelial cells that line blood vessels,

• the flow of Na+ through aquaporins will increase
• the intracellular concentration of K+ will increase
• the membranes will become more permeable to water
• the electrical properties of the cells will be altered

A saltwater snail is placed in freshwater. What happens to its cells?

• They shrink
• They swell
• Nothing happens

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

When cells are placed in a __________ solution they begin to swell.

• Hypertonic
• Isotonic
• Hypotonic
• Equalized

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-3

Hydrophobic region of the cell membrane?

• E
• B
• C
• A 

A HYPERTONIC solution has a _____ concentration of solute than the interior of the cell and a cell will ______ when placed into this solution.

• lower; shrink
• lower; swell
• higher; shrink
• higher; swell