AP Bio Signal Transduction

When a neuron responds to a particular neurotransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway?

• relay molecule
• endocrine molecule
• signal molecule
• receptor

Which of these is a pro of an enzymatic cascade?

• It leads to regulation

• It amplifies the response of a single binding molecule

• It decreases the response of a single binding molecule

• Because it is unregulated, it provides a variety of responses

What type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?

•  tyrosine kinase receptor
• G-protein receptor
• gated ion channel

The 3 steps of signal transduction in order are

• reception, transduction, response
• response, transduction, reception
• reception, response, transduction
• transduction, reception, response

What type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?

• G-protein receptor
• tyrosine kinase receptor
• gated ion channel

What type of transmembrane receptor is being shown?

• gated ion channel
• G-protein receptor
• tyrosine kinase receptor

Which of the following correctly describes the reception stage of this signal transduction pathway?

• epinephrine binds to a g-protein coupled receptor protein present in the cell membrane
• the g protein changes shape, is activated, activates adenyl cyclase, which activates cAMP, which activates protein kinases
• protein kinases phosphoylate molecules
• glycogen synthesis is inhibited and glycogen breakdown is promoted

A signal molecule that binds to a plasma-membrane protein is a

• ligand
• second messenger
• protein kinase
• receptor protein

What does a protein kinase do?

• removes phosphates
• transfers phosphates from ATP to proteins
• activates an enzyme

Which term refers to cells signaling to themselves?

• Paracrine

• Autocrine

• Endocrine

• Somatricine