psychology learning classical conditioning

In classical conditioning, an organism develops an association between the

• Conditioned stimulus and the conditioned response

• Neutral stimulus and the conditioned stimulus

• Neutral stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus

• Neutral stimulus and the unconditioned response

Mary’s cat runs to the back door when the microwave bell sounds as this usually signals that her dinner is about to be served. The cat also runs to the back door when Mary’s doorbell rings. Mary’s cat is demonstrating an example of

• stimulus discrimination
• stimulus generalisation
• spontaneous recovery
• extinction

In Pavlov’s experiment on salivation in dogs, the neutral stimulus was ____________ and the conditioned stimulus was ______________.

• the bell; the bell
• the bell; salivation
• the meat powder; the bell
• the meat powder; salivation

In classical conditioning, nature provides the __________________ connection and conditioning provides the _____________ connection.

• UCS-CS; UCR-CR

• UCR-CR; UCS-CS

• CS-CR; UCS-UCR

• UCS-UCR; CS-CR

A bell rings, then a puff of air into the eye causes a reflexive blink. After this happens on several occasion, the bell ringing alone causes a conditioned reflexive blink. The UCS is _________________ and the CS is _____________________.

• Puff of air; blinking

• Bell; blinking

• Puff of air; bell

• Bell; puff of air

Six weeks ago Jacob ate a chicken sandwich that was contaminated with bacteria.  It gave him food poisoining and he was very ill for several days afterwards. Yesterday, someone offered Jacob a chicken sandwich at a party, and when he saw it he felt ill again. The illness that Jacob felt yesterday was

• An unconditioned response
• A conditioned response
• A conditioned stimulus
• An unconditioned stimulus 

A researcher conditions a dog to salivate at the sound of a bell.  This is then followed by food. After some time, the sound of the bell alone (that is, without food), no longer leads to salivation.

• spontaneous recovery 
• extinction
• acquisition
• stimulus generalisation

In the terminology of classical conditioning, stimuli and responses that do not require any learning are referred to as

• unconditioned
• conditioned 
• response
• spontaneous 

In John Watson’s famous study, Little Albert was conditioned to fear rats by associating them with an unpleasant loud noise. If Little Albert had then been repeatedly exposed to the white rat, but without the noise, his fear response was have

• become stronger

• been extinguished

• generalised to all white furry objects

• spontaneously recovered

In Pavlov’s original experiments, a conditioned response that had been extinguished was seen again when the _________________ was delivered again.  This reappearance of the conditioned response is known as _____________________.

• Unconditioned stimulus; spontaneous recovery
• Conditioned stimulus; reverse extinction
• Conditioned stimulus; spontaneous recovery
• Unconditioned stimulus; reverse extinction