Macromolecules (Biomolecules)

Lily is preparing for a marathon and wants to make sure she has enough energy for the race. She asks her coach what type of nutrient will provide her body with instant energy for her cells and body functions. What is the main function of carbohydrates?

• energy storage

• immunity, muscles, structure for tissues, cell metabolism

• instant energy for cells and body functions

• genetic information (heredity)

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates are the body's primary source of instant energy, providing fuel for cells and essential body functions, making them crucial for athletes like Lily preparing for a marathon.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Nora is learning about different nutrients in her biology class. She notices that both carbohydrates and lipids are important for the body. How are carbohydrates and lipids similar?

• Both contain C, H, O, N, P and store energy.

• Both contain C, H, O, N and give energy.

• Both contain C, H, O, N, S and store energy.

• Both contain C, H, and O and give energy.

Answer explanation

Carbohydrates and lipids both contain carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). They are essential for energy production in the body, making the correct choice: 'Both contain C, H, and O and give energy.'

David is training for a marathon and wants to know which nutrient in his diet will help him store energy for long runs. Which key function of lipids should David be aware of?

• immunity, chemical reactions in the body, cell metabolism, muscle contraction, regulation of other proteins

• store energy

• provide instant energy for cells/body

• heredity/genetic information

Answer explanation

David should be aware that lipids are essential for storing energy, which is crucial for long runs. Unlike carbohydrates that provide quick energy, lipids serve as a long-term energy reserve, helping him sustain endurance during his marathon training.

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-7

Aria is learning about different types of molecules in her biology class. She comes across the term 'small compound.' What is a small compound?

• Macromolecule

• Glucose

• Monomer

• Polymer

Answer explanation

A small compound refers to a monomer, which is a basic building block of larger molecules. In contrast, macromolecules, polymers, and glucose are larger or more complex structures. Thus, the correct answer is monomer.

Zoe is running a marathon and needs a quick source of energy for her muscles. Which type of biomolecule would provide her with instant energy?

• instant energy for the cells/body

• store energy

• transport hemoglobin, immunity, chemical reactions, regulate other proteins, provide structure for tissues, cell metabolism, contract muscles

• genetic information/heredity

Answer explanation

Zoe needs instant energy for her muscles during the marathon. Carbohydrates, a type of biomolecule, provide quick energy for the cells/body, making this the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-7

Charlotte is learning about different types of biomolecules in her biology class. She comes across saccharides and wants to know how they are classified. All saccharides are considered:

• carbohydrates

• lipids

• proteins

• nucleic acids

Answer explanation

All saccharides, which include sugars and starches, are classified as carbohydrates. They are essential biomolecules that provide energy and structural support in living organisms.

Elijah is learning about how his body works. He wonders which function proteins play in his body. What is the key role (function) of a protein?

• Provides instant energy for the cell/body

• Acts as hormones, provides buoyancy, forms cell membranes, offers insulation, and stores energy

• Contracts muscles, transports hemoglobin in the blood, provides immunity, facilitates chemical reactions, supports tissue structure, and regulates cell metabolism

• Stores and transmits genetic information/heredity

Answer explanation

Proteins are essential for various functions in the body, including muscle contraction, transporting hemoglobin, providing immunity, facilitating chemical reactions, supporting tissue structure, and regulating metabolism.

Nora is studying for her biology exam and comes across a question about the key role of nucleic acids in living organisms. Which of the following best describes their main function?

• instant energy

• hormones, buoyancy, formation of cell membranes, insulation, energy storage

• transport of hemoglobin, immunity, chemical reactions, regulation of proteins, tissue structure

• store and transmit hereditary genetic information

Answer explanation

Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are essential for storing and transmitting hereditary genetic information, making the choice 'store and transmit hereditary genetic information' the best description of their main function.

Lily is studying how cells make proteins in her biology class. She wants to know which type of molecule contains the genetic code needed for protein synthesis. Which of the following should she focus on?

• carbohydrate

• lipid

• protein

• nucleic acid

Answer explanation

Lily should focus on nucleic acids, as they contain the genetic code (DNA and RNA) necessary for protein synthesis, unlike carbohydrates, lipids, or proteins, which serve different functions in the cell.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Samuel is studying how the body speeds up chemical reactions. He wants to know which of the following decreases the activation energy required to initiate a chemical change within the body.

Select your answer:

• nucleotides

• enzymes

• amino acids

• fatty acids

Answer explanation

Enzymes are biological catalysts that lower the activation energy needed for chemical reactions in the body, making them occur more easily and quickly. Therefore, the correct answer is enzymes.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-5