Trends of Periodic Table

Francium (Fr) has the lowest ionization energy in Group 1 because - 

• it has the smallest number of valence electrons
• it has the greatest atomic mass
• it has the greatest number of protons, so it attracts its electrons the strongest
• its 1 valence electron is very far from the nucleus, so little energy is needed to remove it

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The element with the smallest ionization energy in Period 6 is - 

• Rn
• Cs
• Os
• Tm

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As you move across the periodic table atoms tend to get smaller because, ______________.

• the atoms have more mass.
• the atoms have less mass
• the atoms have more protons.
• the atoms have less electrons.

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The energy required to remove electrons is the definition of: 

• Electronegativity
• Atomic Number
• Atomic Radius
• Ionization

Electronegativity is...

• the ability of an atom to attract/ accept electrons
• the ability of an atom to lose electrons
• the energy required to remove an electron from a specific atom
• how easy it is to make friends. 

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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As you move down a group, atomic radius increases because - 

• you add more and more neutrons
• you add more and more protons
• you add more and more shells (energy levels)
• you add more atomic mass

As you move across the periodic table from left to right, the atomic radius decreases.  This is because - 

• the number of protons increases, so attraction to electrons increases
• the number of energy levels increases
• the number of electrons increases
• the atomic mass increases

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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Atoms that have a high electronegativity, _______________.

• give up their electrons more easily.
• hold on to their electrons more tightly.
• have more electron shells.

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Which of the following will likely have a lower ionization energy than Scandium (Sc)?

• Helium (He)

• Titanium (Ti)

• Calcium (Ca)

• Manganese (Mn)

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NGSS.HS-PS1-1

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The element with the lowest electronegativity in Period 3 is (careful - think about it!)

• Na

• Cl

• Ar

• Mg

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