Earth Science Exam Review

How can urbanization affect a local area?

• It can increase the number of invasive species in an area.

• It can decrease the risk of water pollution in an area.

• It can increase the risk of flooding in an area.

• It can decrease the need for natural resources in an area.

Which is a farming technique that could improve the soil and the environment?

• using fueled machines that will turn the soil continuously

• creating undisturbed layers of mulch in the soil

• placing inorganic chemical fertilizers in the soil

• irrigating the soil with salty water

Which structure can form as a result of a divergent plate boundary?

• a continental volcanic arc, due to the collision of two plates

• a continental mountain, due to the collision of two plates

• a mid-ocean ridge, due to the separation of two plates

• an ocean trench, due to the separation of two plates

Which is the most common contamination source for freshwater resources?

• runoff

• digging wells

• melting of glaciers

• lightning

Which is associated with an increase of chlorofluorocarbons in the environment?

• an increase in health risks associated with UV radiation

• an increase in levels of methane gas in the atmosphere

• an increase in ozone levels in the upper atmosphere

• an increase in acid precipitation

What long-term impact could the destruction of large areas of forests have on Earth?

• decreased rates of erosion

• increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels

• decreased amounts of acid rain

• increased atmospheric oxygen levels

Urban City X has been referred to as an urban heat island because it tends to be warmer than the surrounding rural areas. The report below lists changes that have occurred in one year in Urban City X.

Report for Urban City X:

Eight roads were repaved.

The population increased by 20%.

Public transportation increased by 5%.

Four new apartment complexes were built.

Plans were drafted to build a local park.

A meeting was held about alternative energy sources.

What is the main cause of Urban City X being an urban heat island?

• the planting of trees and other vegetation A

• the building of rooftop gardens

• the installation of solar panels

• the construction of parking areas and road systems

Which gas makes up the largest component of the Earth’s atmosphere?

• argon (Ar)

• oxygen (O2)

• nitrogen (N2)

• carbon dioxide (CO2)

Why is it important to conserve the biodiversity of Earth?

• to decrease the amount of global predator populations

• to decrease the stability of major global ocean currents

• to increase the stability of ecosystems during environmental changes

• It could cause some insect species to destroy native plant species.

How does the tilt of the Earth’s axis affect the seasons?

• by changing the amount of direct solar energy reaching the surface of Earth

• by influencing the rate of chemical reactions occurring in the atmosphere

• by deflecting the harmful rays of radiation emitted by the sun

• by changing the speed of the rotation of Earth