apush

what were the main causes of jefferson's win

• alexander and hamilton persuading a few house mebers to change their votes

• jefferson pardoned those who ere serving time under the seditation act

• federalists stepping down from their position

• entact of a new naturalization law

“Let us, then, with courage and confidence, pursue our own Federal and [Democratic-] Republican principles, our attachment to union and representative government. Kindly separated by nature and a wide ocean from the exterminating havoc of one quarter of the globe; too high-minded to endure the degradations of the others; possessing a chosen country, with room enough for our descendants . . . ; entertaining a due sense of our equal right to the use of our own faculties, to the acquisitions of our own industry, to honor and confidence from our fellow citizens, resulting not from birth, but from our actions and their sense of them; enlightened by a benign religion . . . —with all these blessings, what more is necessary to make us a happy and a prosperous people? Still one thing more, fellow citizens—a wise and frugal Government, which shall restrain men from injuring one another, shall leave them otherwise free to regulate their own pursuits of industry and improvement, and shall not take from the mouth of labor the bread it has earned. This is the sum of good government; and this is necessary to close the circle of our felicities.”

President Thomas Jefferson, first inaugural address, 1801

Which of the following best describes Jefferson’s point of view about government as expressed in the excerpt?

• State governments should have more authority than the federal government.

• Government should limit interference in the lives of its citizens.

• Governments should provide economic assistance to all citizens.

“The committee of the president and directors of the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company [in Delaware] . . . beg leave respectfully to offer to the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, the following facts and observations relative to the said canal. . . .

“. . . The island of Great Britain furnishes proof of the advantages of canals, beyond any other country. That nation has now become the maritime rival, and almost controller of every commercial people; her superiority has arisen from her unbounded commerce, and the vast wealth it has introduced, the basis of which wealth is her immense manufactures . . . : the foundation of these manufactures has again been formed by her internal improvements. . . .

“The United States, both from their present political and natural situation, demand from their government every aid it can furnish. . . . Her rapid increase in prosperity, has already drawn upon her the envy, the jealousy, and the hostility of other nations, which alone can be counteracted by improving her internal strength, supplying her wants as far as possible by her own [products] and manufactures, and extending her agriculture so as to gain from its surplus the wealth of other nations.”

The Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company, petition to the United States Congress, 1809

At the time the petition was produced, Congress most likely interpreted the petition's purpose as

• requesting federal funding for transportation construction projects

• rallying support to end commercial relations with Great Britain

• encouraging White settlers to use canals to migrate to new states

“Brother, listen to what we say. There was a time when our forefathers owned this great [land]. . . . Your forefathers crossed the great water and landed upon this [land]. Their numbers were small. They found friends, not enemies. They told us they had fled from their own country for fear of wicked men, and had come here to enjoy their religion. They asked for a small seat. We took pity on them, we granted their request, and they sat down amongst us. We gave them corn and meat; they gave us poison in return.

“. . . Our seats were once large and yours were small. You have now become a great people, and we have scarcely a place left to spread our blankets. You have got our country, but are not satisfied; you want to force your religion upon us. . . .

“. . . The Great Spirit has made us all, but he has made a great difference between his white and red children. . . . Since he has made so great a difference between us in other things, why may we not conclude that he has given us a different religion according to our understanding? The Great Spirit does right. He knows what is best for his children; we are satisfied.”

Red Jacket, Iroquois American Indian chief in New York, speech to a missionary from Massachusetts and a United States diplomat, 1805

Which of the following best explains how the purpose of the speech in the excerpt was interpreted by federal officials?

• Red Jacket desired to abandon traditional Iroquois religious practices for Christianity.

• Red Jacket sought to protect Iroquois independence from the United States.

• Red Jacket wanted to increase Iroquois commerce with the United States.

• Red Jacket wished to help United States migrants form new settlements on Iroquois land.

Innovations in shipping and the growth of commercial networks were most directly related to which of the following other developments of the first half of the nineteenth century?

• The spread of industrialization to most cities in the South

• An increase in the number of Americans moving west of the Appalachian Mountains

• A decrease in the availability of jobs for recent immigrants

• an increase in the production in the home of goods used by families

Changes in ideas about men’s and women’s gender roles in the family, resulting from the market revolution, most directly contributed to which of the following shifts in American social practices during the same period?

• The rise of widespread support for women’s right to vote in national elections

• A new emphasis on the separation between the public and private spheres

• Calls for mothers to guide their children’s education in republican values and citizenship

• The growth of a political culture blending European and uniquely American elements

The growth of manufacturing in the United States from 1800 to 1850 was most directly connected to which of the following broader historical processes?

• Abolitionists advancing moral arguments to bring an end to slavery

• Political parties debating about the need for a national bank

• Supreme Court decisions confirming the primacy of federal laws over state laws

• Large numbers of international migrants moving to northern cities

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men in the early nineteenth century most directly resulted in which of the following?

• nothing at all both answers are wrong

• The employment of women in textile manufacturing

• The growth of new political parties

Which of the following most directly led to the expansion of participatory democracy in the first half of the nineteenth century?

• Reduction of property ownership requirements for voting

• Development of a canal system connecting different parts of the country

• Threats by South Carolina to nullify federal laws it deemed unconstitutional

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men by the 1820s and 1830s most directly contributed to the

• increase in the autonomy of state legislatures

• expansion of labor union activism that demanded better conditions for workers

• establishment of representative democracy through the United States Constitution

• emergence of political rallies and events to encourage people to vote for particular parties