A species lives in a particular environment. What is TRUE about the environment that the species lives in and about how the species will look over thousands of years?

There will be changes to the environment that could lead to changes in the traits of the species.

The environment will stay the same, and the traits of the species will stay the same.

There will be changes to the environment, but the traits of the species will stay the same.

There will be changes to the environment, and the traits of the species will change, but the changes in the environment could never lead to changes in the traits of species.

Some of the individual members of a species of organism were moved to a new location that had different environmental conditions than their original location. According to the theory of natural selection, what could happen after many generations to the descendants of the organisms that had been relocated?

The descendants would look different from the original individuals in some ways, and they would look the same in some ways.

The descendants would look the same as the original individuals because species do not change.

The descendants would become a completely different species that would have no similarities to the original individuals.

The descendants would look the same as the original individuals because the environment does not affect how species look.

According to the theory of natural selection, what would happen to a species of lizards when a new predator is introduced into the environment where the lizards live?

The lizards that already have the physical traits needed to avoid the new predator would be more likely to survive and reproduce, and the ones that do not would be less likely to survive and reproduce.

All of the lizards would try to develop new physical traits to avoid the new predator.

Some of the lizards would try to develop new physical traits to avoid the new predator, and the other lizards would die.

Because all lizards of the same species have the same physical traits, one lizard would not have an advantage over another lizard. They would either all survive or all die.

Which of the following is REQUIRED for the process of natural selection to occur?

Traits must be inherited from one generation to the next.

Numerous species must have recently become extinct.

There must be a sudden environmental change.

According to the theory of natural selection, what is likely to happen to a population of birds after the seeds they normally eat are no longer available and all that is left are seeds that are harder to crack open? Note: a population is a group of individuals of the same species.

The individual birds that already have the kind of beak that allows them to eat the seeds that are harder to crack open would be more likely to survive and reproduce.

All of the individual birds would develop new beaks as they continued to attempt to eat the seeds that are harder to crack open.

All of the birds would survive and reproduce. Some of the individual birds would try to develop new beaks so that they could eat the seeds that are harder to crack open. Those birds would be more likely to survive and reproduce, and the other birds would likely die.

Because the population of birds is all of the same species, they all have the same physical traits. No individual bird would have an advantage in cracking open the seeds, and all of the birds would die.

Individual members of a species could have differences in inherited characteristics that affect which of the following?

Both their ability to find food and their ability to attract mates

Their ability to attract mates but not their ability to find food

Their ability to find food but not their ability to attract mates

Neither their ability to attract mates nor their ability to find food

A species of bird ate many types of seeds, each type coming from a different species of tree. The birds' beaks varied in size, with some individuals having slightly smaller beaks and others having slightly larger beaks. A few years went by without much rain, and the only species of tree that survived had large seeds. Many generations later, almost all the birds had the slightly larger beaks. How is this best explained?

The birds with larger beaks were better at eating the large seeds than those with smaller beaks, so only the birds with larger beaks got enough food to survive, reproduce, and pass the trait of large beaks to the next generation.

The birds with smaller beaks had to work harder than those with larger beaks to crack open the large seeds. The more they used their beaks, the larger their beaks became, so they were able to get enough food to survive, reproduce, and pass the traits of large beaks to the next generation.

The birds with smaller beaks grew their beaks so that they would be better able to eat the large seeds and get enough food to survive, reproduce, and pass the trait of larger beaks to the next generation.

It was a chance occurrence that all the individual birds' beaks in the next generation were larger. They were therefore able to eat the large seeds and get enough food to survive, reproduce, and pass the trait of large beaks to the next generation.

A population is a group of individuals of the same species. According to the theory of natural selection, what is likely to happen to a population when a change occurs in its environment (for example, the amount of rainfall decreases or the temperature increases)?

The individuals that have traits better suited to the changed environment would be more likely to survive and reproduce than those with less suitable traits.

All of the individuals would try to develop new traits so that they could survive and reproduce in the changed environment.

Some of the individuals would try to develop new traits so that they could survive and reproduce, and the other individuals would die.

Because all individuals of the same species have the same traits, one individual would never have an advantage over another in its population. They would either all survive or all die.

According to the theory of natural selection, what is likely to happen to a population of birds after the seeds they normally eat are no longer available and all that is left are seeds that are harder to crack open? Note: a population is a group of individuals of the same species.

The individual birds that already have the kind of beak that allows them to eat the seeds that are harder to crack open would be more likely to survive and reproduce.

All of the individual birds would develop new beaks as they continued to attempt to eat the seeds that are harder to crack open.

All of the birds would survive and reproduce. Some of the individual birds would try to develop new beaks so that they could eat the seeds that are harder to crack open. Those birds would be more likely to survive and reproduce, and the other birds would likely die.

Because the population of birds is all of the same species, they all have the same physical traits. No individual bird would have an advantage in cracking open the seeds, and all of the birds would die.

In recent years "SuperBugs" (bacteria that aren't effected by antibiotics) are becoming more and more common. How could natural selection explain this?

Superbugs survive antibiotics and reproduce

Antibiotics cause bacteria to become superbugs

We have always had the same amount of superbugs; modern media just discusses them more.

There is no reliable data on the origin of super bugs.

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

Because the organisms that have them are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Because the trait comes from a dominant gene

Because the trait comes from recessive gene

Because the trait is an acquired characteristic.

What is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

To look different from other species.

To protect itself against predators.

To protect itself against prey.

A species lives in a particular environment. What is TRUE about the environment that the species lives in and about how the species will look over thousands of years?

There will be changes to the environment that could lead to changes in the traits of the species.

The environment will stay the same, and the traits of the species will stay the same.

There will be changes to the environment, but the traits of the species will stay the same.

There will be changes to the environment, and the traits of the species will change, but the changes in the environment could never lead to changes in the traits of species.

In the case of the Galapagos Island Finches, what is the advantage of having different shaped beaks?

To be able to eat the food readily available in the environment.

To look different from other species.

To protect itself against predators.

To protect itself against prey.

Which of these would be considered an adaptation of an animal that lives in the snowy tundra?

A thick coat of fur and blubber

A diet that consists of pineapples and coconuts

A population is a group of individuals of the same species. Can the percent of individuals with certain traits in a population change because the environment changes?

Yes, when the environment changes, individuals in a population can change their inherited traits to better fit the environment, and this changes the percent of individuals with certain traits in that population.

Yes, when the environment changes, individuals with certain inherited traits survive and reproduce and other individuals with different inherited traits die, and this changes the percent of individuals with certain traits in a population.

No, the percent of individuals with certain inherited traits in a population changes randomly from one generation to the next, never as a result of changes to the environment.

No, the proportion of individuals with certain inherited traits in a population cannot change because a population is all one species and so will always have the same inherited traits.

A species of moth lived in a forest made up of a mixture of dark- and light-colored trees. Some of the moths were dark-colored and some were light-colored. The coloring of these moths is inherited from parent to offspring. The dark moths were hidden from predators on the dark trees, and the light moths were hidden on the light trees. When the light-colored trees were killed by a disease, the forest was suddenly made up almost entirely of dark-colored trees. Generations later, almost all the moths had the dark coloring. Which of the following gives a correct explanation?

The dark moths were better hidden from predators, so more of them survived. Because dark parents outnumbered light parents, there were many more dark offspring than light offspring in the next generation.

The light moths that survived did not mate and have offspring because they saw that their offspring would easily be seen and eaten by predators.

The light moths that survived had dark offspring because the change in the environment caused the parents to have offspring that would do better in the changed environment.

The light moths saw that the dark moths were less likely to be eaten by predators, so they made themselves dark as well.

Which of the following is TRUE about individuals of the same species?

Individuals of the same species may have different inherited traits. These different inherited traits may cause differences in each individual’s chances of survival and reproduction.

Individuals of the same species may have different inherited traits, but these different traits do not cause differences in each individual’s chances of survival and reproduction.

Individuals of the same species have the same inherited traits but different acquired traits, such as what they have learned and skills they have developed. Only these different acquired traits can cause differences in each individual’s chances of survival and reproduction.

Individuals of the same species have the same inherited traits, therefore each individual has an equal chance of surviving and reproducing as any other individual of the same age and gender.

The theory of evolution by natural selection means that what is changing over time?

The inherited traits of a population.

The acquired traits of a population.

Inherited variation means...

individuals have different traits.

an animal produces a large number of offspring.

some individuals die from starvation, competition, disease or predation.

individuals best adapted to the environment have many offspring.

Which organisms are most closely related?

Equus caballas (Horse) & Equus burchellii (Zebra)

Cyanea artica (Jellyfish) & Ctenodiscus crispatus (Mud Starfish)

Naja naja (cobra) & Glycine max (soya bean)

Ophiocomina nigra (black brittle star) & Brassica nigra (black mustard)

Why are advantageous traits more likely to be passed onto offspring?

Because they are more likely to survive and reproduce.

Because they come from dominant alleles.

Because they come from recessive alleles.

Because the trait is an acquired phenotype.

What is a common ancestor?

the most recent species from which two different species evolved

body parts of different organisms that have similar structure but not necessarily a similar function

• early stage in the development of an organism

body parts that have a similar function but not a similar structures

What type of evidence is shown in Paleontology?

Different organisms that used to live on Earth

Transitional fossils that link extinct with current species

Two organisms that are closely related would have

completely different DNA sequence

Biology Semester Final

Biology

9th - 12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 12+ times

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?

Carbohydrates

Sunlight

Water

ATP

What is not a form of symbiosis?

Parasatism

mutualism

commensalim

nonalism

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The diagram shows the feeding relationships between populations of plants and animals in an area. The arrows point from the organisms being eaten to the organisms that eat them.

Most of the rabbits in this area are killed. If the number of hawks does not change, what could happen to the number of crickets and why? Use only the relationships between the plants and animals shown in the diagram.

The number of crickets would decrease because fewer rabbits could result in a decrease in the number of individuals in all of the populations of organisms in this diagram.

The number of crickets could decrease because with fewer rabbits for the hawks to eat, the hawks would eat crickets instead.

The number of crickets could increase because with fewer rabbits for the hawks to eat, the hawks would eat more frogs, so there would be fewer frogs to eat the crickets.

The number of crickets would not be affected by the number of rabbits because crickets are not connected by an arrow to rabbits in the diagram.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

The diagram shows the feeding relationships between populations of plants and animals in an area. The arrows point from the organisms being eaten to the organisms that eat them.

A new species that eats only foxes becomes part of this food web. Using only the relationships between the plants and animals shown in the diagram, which of the following could happen because of this change?

The amount of grass and the number of mice, robins, caterpillars, and trees could increase.

The amount of grass and the number of mice, robins, caterpillars, and trees could decrease.

The number of robins could increase, and the number of caterpillars could decrease.

The number of robins could decrease, and the number of caterpillars could increase.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

In 1893, a large area of a national forest was home to mountain lions, coyotes, and bobcats as well as about 3,000 deer.

The deer ate grass, and the mountain lions, coyotes, and bobcats ate deer.

Around 1900, hunters began killing large numbers of mountain lions, coyotes, and bobcats. By 1923, there were 100,000 deer in this population.

Using only the relationships between the plants and animals described above, which of the following statements could explain why the population of deer increased so much?

The number of deer increased because without predators, the deer lived longer and had more offspring that also lived longer.

The number of deer increased because populations are always increasing.

The number of deer increased because with fewer mountain lions, coyotes, and bobcats, the deer had more food to eat.

There is not enough information to tell why the deer population increased.

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

Organisms that breaks down and absorbs nutrients from dead organisms

Carnivore

Herbivore

Decomposer

Omnivore

In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?

20%

90%

10%

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Biology Semester Final

What is the original source of almost all energy in most ecosystems?

What is not a form of symbiosis?

Organisms that breaks down and absorbs nutrients from dead organisms

In the energy pyramid here, how much of the energy in the producers gets passed to the herbivores?

In the food web shown, the snail would be considered...

a relationship between two in which one species, the predator, feeds on the other species, the prey

Non-living factor that affects an ecosystem

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