World History Midterm

Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment are similar in that they

• relied on the ideas of medieval thinkers

• favored an absolute monarchy

• were supported by the Catholic Church

• examined natural laws governing the universe

Enlightenment thinker believed in a Social Contract that bound the government to the people.

• John Locke

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

• Voltaire

This Enlightenment believed in the Separation of Powers. This idea inspired checks and balances in the United States.

• Voltaire

• Voltaire

• Baron de Montesquieu

• Jean-Jacques Rousseau

A major concept promoted by philosophers of the Enlightenment was the need for

• a return to traditional medieval ideas

• the use of reason for rational and logical thinking

• overseas expansion by western European nations

• strengthening the power of the organized religions

Enlightenment thinkers changed the relationship between citizens and their governments through their belief that

• Most changes in government are dangerous

• Absolute monarchy is the most effective form of government

• Governments are there to protect citizens’ rights

• Popular liberties should be limited by the need for social order (feudalism)

Which of the following statements about France’s Three Estates is true?

• Power was unequal among the three estates

• Most people belonged to the First Estate

• The Third Estate was content with the social structure

• The Second Estate paid all taxes

What was one idea that the leaders of the American Revolution shared with Enlightenment thinkers?

• Colonies exist to provide raw materials and markets for mother countries.

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• The peoples have the right to overthrow their government if it abuses its power.

• Governments may restrict freedom of speech and of the press during times of crisis.

• Factories and businesses should be owned by the government rather than by individuals

What caused cities to grow during the Industrial Revolution?

• Growing demand of farmers

• Creation of a new middle class

• Unsanitary conditions

• Need for factory workers

A result of the Industrial Revolution was the

• concentration of workers in cities.

• desire of the wealthy class to share its power.

• formation of powerful craft guilds.

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• control of agricultural production by governments

Changes in farming practices in England in the 1600s, contributed to England’s later industrial growth by

• Strengthening the importance of the family farm

• Allowing women to manage state farms

• Encouraging city dwellers to return to farming

• Producing more food with fewer workers